<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0186-2391</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta pediátrica de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta pediatr. Méx]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0186-2391</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Pediatría]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0186-23912017000100049</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18233/apm1no1pp49-621323</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Importancia de la microbiota gastrointestinal en pediatría]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Importance of gastrointestinal microbiota in children.]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zamudio-Vázquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VP]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Mayans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toro-Monjaraz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EM]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cervantes-Bustamante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zárate-Mondragón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montijo-Barrios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cadena-León]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JF]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cázares-Méndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Pediatría Gastroenterología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Pediatría Departamento de Gastroenterología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Pediatría servicio de Gastroenterología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Pediatría Servicio Gastroenterología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>49</fpage>
<lpage>62</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0186-23912017000100049&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0186-23912017000100049&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0186-23912017000100049&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Las enfermedades del tubo gastrointestinal forman parte importante de la morbilidad y de la mortalidad mundiales; incluyen desde las enfermedades infecciosas, alérgicas, inflamatorias crónicas (como la enfermedad de Crohn y la colitis ulcerativa) hasta padecimientos considerados como funcionales, como el síndrome de intestino irritable. En algunas de ellas el tratamiento puede ser difícil, ya que en ocasiones pueden existir diferentes teorías en relación a las mismas y en las que se han encontrado múltiples factores tanto psicosociales como genéticos. En los últimos años ha cobrado gran importancia el papel que desempeña la microbiota intestinal en la génesis de algunas de ellas. Desde el siglo XV se describió la presencia de microorganismos en el tubo gastrointestinal, pero fue hasta que se originó la biología molecular cuando se logró un mejor conocimiento de la función y la composición del ecosistema gastrointestinal, el cual contribuye de manera importante para los procesos de digestión y absorción de sustratos de la dieta, así como para las funciones inmunológicas y protectoras de la microbiota gastrointestinal en cada organismo, lo que resulta esencial para comprender su participación en el tratamiento y en la prevención de múltiples enfermedades.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Gastrointestinal diseases are an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. These include infectious pathologies, allergic and chronic inflammatory conditions such as Crohn's disease ulcerative colitis and also functional disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome, for which treatment sometimes is difficult due to multiple hypotheses for these pathologies where many factors such as psychological, social, genetic, and recently, disorders of intestinal microbiota have been described. The presence of microorganisms in the intestinal tract have been described since Fiftieth century, but its was until the use of biomolecular methods that function and nature of the gastrointestinal ecosystem of microbiota were known. This was an important contribution to the knowledge of digestion, absortion, immunologic, and protective functions of the intestinal microbioma of each organism, which is essential for the study, the treatment and prevention of numerous conditions.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[flora intestinal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[microbiota intestinal en niños]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[funciones de la flora intestinal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[microbiota]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gastrointestinal microbiota]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[microbioma]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
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