<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0186-1042</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Contaduría y administración]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Contad. Adm]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0186-1042</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Contaduría y Administración]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0186-10422020000100109</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/fca.24488410e.2020.1909</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Audit fees and financial crisis: Evidence from the spanish manufacturing industries]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Honorarios de auditoría y crisis financiera: evidencia de las industrias manufactureras españolas]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bruno]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alexandre]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0186-10422020000100109&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0186-10422020000100109&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0186-10422020000100109&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The international financial crisis plunged the Spanish economy in a downturn spiral from 2008 to 2010, with seven consecutives recession periods. During this period, Spanish companies faced growth and liquidity problems and credit constrains, which increased their business risk. The international literature emphasizes that there is a relationship between business risk and audit fees. This study considers if there is a relationship between time (the three years period when Spanish recession was higher and the following three-year period) and audit fees. We analyzed the financial statements and annual audit fees, obtained from SABI-Bureau Van Dijk database, from 2008 to 2013, charged by auditors to 119 manufacturing companies. The results obtained, despite positive and negative correlations between audit fees and other variables of our model, are not totally conclusive neither consistent. They point out to a tenuous relationship between time and audit fees, partially corroborating the American reality, but not the studies made in Australia, China, Sweden and South Korea.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La crisis financiera internacional sumió a la economía española en una espiral descendente de 2008 a 2010, con siete períodos de recesión consecutivos. Durante este período, las empresas españolas enfrentaron problemas de crecimiento y liquidez y restricciones crediticias, lo que aumentó su riesgo comercial. La literatura internacional enfatiza que existe una relación entre el riesgo comercial y los honorarios de auditoría. Este estudio considera si existe una relación entre el tiempo (el período de tres años en que la recesión española fue mayor y el siguiente período de tres años) y los honorarios de auditoría. Analizamos los estados financieros y los honorarios anuales de auditoría, obtenidos de la base de datos SABI-Bureau Van Dijk, de 2008 a 2013, cobrados por auditores a 119 empresas manufactureras. Los resultados obtenidos, a pesar de las correlaciones positivas y negativas entre los honorarios de auditoría y otras variables de nuestro modelo, no son totalmente concluyentes ni consistentes. Señalan una relación tenue entre el tiempo y los honorarios de auditoría, corroborando parcialmente la realidad estadounidense, pero no los estudios realizados en Australia, China, Suecia y Corea del Sur.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Audit risk]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Business risk]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Audit fees]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Economy downturn]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Time]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[M42]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Riesgo de auditoría]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Riesgo del negocio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Honorarios de auditoría]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Recesión de la economía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Periodo temporal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[M42]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdel-Khalik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The jointness of audit fees and demand for MAS: a Self Selection Analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Contemporary Accounting Research]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>295-322</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alexeyeva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Svanström]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The impact of the global financial crisis on audit and non-audit fees: Evidence from Sweden]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Managerial Auditing Journal]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>4/5</numero>
<issue>4/5</issue>
<page-range>302-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ashbaugh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LaFond]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mayhew]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Do non audit services compromise auditor independence? Further evidence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Accounting Review]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>78</volume>
<page-range>611-39</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Badertscher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jorgensen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Katz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kinney Jr.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Public equity and audit pricing in the United States]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Accounting Research]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>303-39</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barkess]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simnett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The pricing of other services by auditors: independence and pricing issues]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Accounting and Business Research]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>91-108</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Landsman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shackelford]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Auditors´ Perceived Business Risk and Audit Fees: Analysis and Evidence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Accounting Research]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<page-range>35-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Black]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scholes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The pricing of options and corporate liabilities]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Political Economy]]></source>
<year>1973</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>637-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brinn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Audit Fee determinants of independent and subsidiary unquoted companies in the U.K.: an exploratory study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[British Accounting Review]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>101-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brumfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elliott]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jacobson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Business risk and audit process]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Accountancy]]></source>
<year>1983</year>
<volume>155</volume>
<page-range>60-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cairney]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stewart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Audit fees and client industry homogeneity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<page-range>33-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Graham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harvey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The real effects of financial constraints: Evidence from a financial crisis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Financial Economics]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>97</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>470-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carballo-Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Causes and consequences of the Spanish economic crisis: Why the recovery is taken so long?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Panoeconomicus]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>309-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carcello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hermanson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Board characteristics and audit fees]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Contemporary Accounting Review]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<page-range>365-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simnett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wright]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Changes in audit market competition and the Big N premium]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>47-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cheffers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whalen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Usvyatsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[2009 Financial Restatements: A nine year comparison]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Audit Analytics Sales]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Demand for external auditing: size, debt and ownership influences]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Accounting Review]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<volume>LVII</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>272-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coram]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Woodliff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effect of risk of misstatement on the propensity to commit reduced audit quality acts under time budget pressure]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>159-67</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corbella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Florio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gotti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mastrolia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Audit firm rotation, audit fees and audit quality: The experience of Italian public companies]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<page-range>46-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dasgupta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trust as a commodity]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gambetta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Trust: Making and Breaking Cooperative Relations]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<page-range>49-72</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Department of Sociology, University of Oxford]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dedman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kausar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lennnox]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The demand for audit in private firms: recent large-sample evidence from the UK]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European Accounting Review]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Defond]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The association between changes in client firm agency costs and auditor switching]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>16-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ettredge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bedard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnstone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Empirical tests of audit budget dynamics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Behavioral research in accounting]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>1-18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ettredge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuerherm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fee pressure and audit quality]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Accounting, Organizations and Society]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<page-range>247-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ettredge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scholz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Audit fees and auditor dismissals in the Sarbanes-Oxleu era]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Accounting Horizons]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>371-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Firth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Auditor-provided consultancy services and their associations with audit fees and audit opinions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Business Finance and Accounting]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>5/6</numero>
<issue>5/6</issue>
<page-range>661-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Francis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A test of audit pricing in the small-client segment of the U.S. audit market]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Accounting Review]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<volume>62</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>145-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Francis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Auditor changes: a joint test of theories relating to agency costs and auditor differentiation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Accounting Review]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>LXIII</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>663-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Francis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effects of audit firm size on audit prices: a study of the Australian Market]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Accounting and Economics]]></source>
<year>1984</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>133-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Francis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reichelt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The pricing of national and city-specific reputations for industry expertise in the U.S. audit market]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Accounting Review]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<page-range>113-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gietzmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pettinicchio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[External Auditor Reassessment of Client Business Risk Following the Issuance of a Comment Letter by the SEC]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European Accounting Review]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>57-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goelzer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Speech presented at the 2010 AICPA national Conference on Current SEC and PCAOB Developments]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington DC ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gul]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Srinidhi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shieh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Asian financial crisis, accounting conservatism and audit fees: Evidence from Hong Kong]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Meta-regression analysis and the Big firm premium]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Houston]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peters]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pratt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Audit Risk Model, Business Risk and Audit-Planning Decisions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Accounting Review]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>74</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>281-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hye Seung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Xu]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heibatollah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Conditional conservatism and audit fees]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Accounting Horizons]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>83-113</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ivashina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scharfsteinb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bank lending during the financial crisis of 2008]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Financial Economics]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<page-range>319-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jensen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meckling]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Financial Economics]]></source>
<year>1976</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>305-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnstone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bedard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Engagement Planning, Bid Pricing, and Client Response in the Market for Initial Attest Engagements]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Accounting Review]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>76</volume>
<page-range>199-220</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnstone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Client-acceptance decisions: simultaneous effects of client business risk, audit risk, auditor business risk, and risk adaptation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Auditing: A Journal of Practice theory]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Junco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Las auditoras tiran los precios para afrontar la crisis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Expansión]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<page-range>1</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keasey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An agency perspective of auditor change in small firms]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Small Finance]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>45-59</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krishnan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Is there a relation between audit fee cuts during the global financial crisis and bank&#8217;s financial reporting quality]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Accounting and Public Policy]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>279-300</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krishnan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krishnan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of economic trade-offs in the audit opinion decision: An empirical analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Accounting, Auditing Finance]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<page-range>565-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kroeker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Speech presented at the 2010 AICPA national Conference on Current SEC and PCAOB Developments]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington DC ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Corporate Audit Theory]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Chapman Hall]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tiessen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Broman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Competition and audit fees]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Accounting Review]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>199-211</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malhotra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poteau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Russel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between Audit Fee and Firm Performance]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Business, Accounting and Finance]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>112-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Markelevich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Auditor Fees and Fraud Firms]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Contemporary Accounting Research]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1590-625</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Minutti-Meza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Issues in Examining the Effect of Auditor Litigation on Audit Fees]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Accounting Research]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>341-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moizer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hansford-Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[UK auditor liability: an insurable risk?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Accounting]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>197-213</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morgan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stocken]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effects of business risk on audit pricing]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Review of Accounting Studies]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>365-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moutinho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cerqueira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brandão]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Audit fees and firm performance]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rochester ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Social Science Research Network]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niemi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Do firms pay for audit risk? Evidence on risk premiums in audit fees after direct control for audit effort]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Auditing]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<page-range>37-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>OECD</collab>
<source><![CDATA[OECD Economic Surveys Spain]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Penalosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Spanish economics crisis: Key factors and growth challenges in the euro area]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Banco de Espana]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palmrose]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z-V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effect of non-audit services on the pricing of audit services: further evidence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Accounting Research]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>405-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Audit fee determinants and auditor premiums: Evidence from the micro-firm sub market]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Accounting and Business Research]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>207-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[UK auditor concentration: a descriptive note]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Accounting and Business Research]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>311-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Agency costs and audit quality: evidence from France]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European Accounting Review]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>461-99</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whittington]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Determinants of Audit Fees: Some Empirical Models]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Business Finance and Accounting]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<page-range>1071-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pratt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stice]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Effects of Client Characteristics on Auditor Litigation Risk Judgments, Required Audit Evidence, and Recommended Audit Fees]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Accounting Review]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<page-range>639-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Public Company Accounting Oversight Board</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Staff audit practice alert no. 3: Audit considerations in the current economic environment]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, D.C. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[PCAOB]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B63">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Public Company Accounting Oversight Board</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Report on observation of PCAOB inspectors related to audit risk areas affected by the economic crisis]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, D.C. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[PCAOB]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B64">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seetharaman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gul]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lynn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Litigation risk and audit fees: evidence from UK firms cross-listed on U.S. markets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Accounting Economics]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>91-115</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B65">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The demand for the UK small company audit - an agency perspective]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Small Business Journal]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>61-79</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B66">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shapiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Premiums for high quality products as returns to reputations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Quarterly Journal of Economics]]></source>
<year>1983</year>
<volume>98</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>659-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B67">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sikka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Financial crisis and the silence of the auditors]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Accounting, Organizations and Society]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<page-range>868-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B68">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simunic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The pricing of audit services: theory and evidence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Accounting Research]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<page-range>161-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B69">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simunic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Impact of Litigation Risk on Audit Pricing: A Review of the Economics and the Evidence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Auditing: A Journal of Practice theory]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>119-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B70">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sonu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Choi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Audit fee pressure and audit risk : evidence from the financial crisis of 2008]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting &amp; Economics]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>1-2</numero>
<issue>1-2</issue>
<page-range>127-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B71">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simunic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O´Keefe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Industry differences in the production of audit services]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Auditing: A Journal of Practice theory]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<page-range>128-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B72">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tauringana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clarke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The demand for external auditing: managerial share ownership, size, gearing liquidity influences]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Managerial Auditing Journal]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>160-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B73">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teoh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Perceived auditor quality and the earnings response coefficient]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Accounting Review]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>LXVII</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>346-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B74">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wallace]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Are Audit Fees Sufficiently Risk Adjusted?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Advances in Accounting]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<numero>^s1</numero>
<issue>^s1</issue>
<supplement>1</supplement>
<page-range>3-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B75">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Product market competition and audit fees]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Auditing: A Journal of Practice theory]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<page-range>139-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B76">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zimmerman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Agency problems auditing and the theory of the firm: some evidence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Law and Economics]]></source>
<year>1983</year>
<volume>XXVI</volume>
<page-range>613-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B77">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whisenant]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sankaraguruswamy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raghunandan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evidence on the joint determination of audit and non-audit fees]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Accounting Research]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<page-range>721-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B78">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whitehouse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exclusive Report: Audit Fees Continue to Plummet]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Compliance Week]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B79">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilmett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Recession&#8217;s on CPA Firms]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Accounting Today]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<page-range>1</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B80">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fargher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Responses by Australian auditors to the global financial crisis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Accounting and Finance]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<page-range>301-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B81">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The risk premium of audit fee: evidence from the 2008 financial crisis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[China Journal of Accounting Studies]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>47-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
