<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-3880</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ciencias marinas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cienc. mar]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-3880</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-38802016000300195</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7773/cm.v42i3.2615</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Temporalidad de los nacimientos y de la muda de la foca de puerto, Phoca vitulina richardii, en el estero de Punta Banda, Baja California, México]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The timing of pupping and molting of the Pacific harbor seal, Phoca vitulina richardii, at Punta Banda Estuary, Baja California, Mexico]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández-Martín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eva María]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heckel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gisela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schramm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yolanda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Aguilar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Concepción]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christine]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ensenada Baja California]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Baja California  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ensenada Baja California]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>195</fpage>
<lpage>208</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-38802016000300195&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-38802016000300195&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-38802016000300195&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Los nacimientos y la muda de Phoca vitulina son procesos anuales que se repiten con alta precisión en el tiempo, aunque éste varía dependiendo del lugar. El conocimiento de la temporalidad de estos eventos permite determinar en qué momento se encuentra el mayor número de individuos en tierra, lo cual es importante para obtener una estimación más precisa de la abundancia de esta especie. En este trabajo se determinó la temporalidad de los nacimientos y la muda de P. v. richardii en el estero de Punta Banda, Baja California, que se desconocía hasta ahora, ahí y en toda su distribución en México. Se realizaron observaciones durante la temporada de cría de 2011 y 2012, y durante la temporada de muda de 2012. Se determinó que la temporada de cría comenzó a mediados de febrero y finalizó a mediados de abril, y que el máximo número de crías ocurrió a mediados de marzo. La etapa tardía de premuda se presentó desde finales de marzo hasta principios de julio, y la máxima proporción de individuos en esta etapa se observó a principios de mayo. El periodo de muda ocurrió desde finales de abril hasta mediados de julio, y la máxima proporción de individuos en muda se observó a principios de junio. El patrón de muda inverso (empieza por el tronco y termina en la cabeza y las aletas) fue el más común. El mayor número de individuos adultos e inmaduros en tierra se encontró durante la temporada de muda, de manera que el periodo más recomendable para realizar conteos, con el fin de estimar la abundancia de focas en la zona, es de principios de mayo a principios de junio.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Pupping and molting of Phoca vitulina are processes that occur each year with high precision, although their timing varies according to location. Knowledge about the timing of these events allows us to determine when the highest numbers of individuals are hauled out, which is important to achieve a good abundance estimation. In this study we determined the timing of pupping and molting of P. v. richardii at Punta Banda Estuary, Baja California (Mexico), previously unknown at this site or along its entire distribution in Mexico. Observations were carried out during the 2011 and 2012 pupping seasons, as well as the 2012 molting season. We determined that the pupping season starts in mid-February and ends in mid-April, and that the maximum number of pups occurs in mid-March. The late premolt stage was observed from the end of March to the beginning of July, with the peak proportion of individuals in this stage at the beginning of May. The molting period extends from the end of April to mid-July, with the peak proportion of individuals molting at the beginning of June. The reverse molt pattern (starting on the torso and ending on the head and flippers) was the most common. The highest number of adult and subadult individuals on land was observed during the molting season; therefore, the best time to carry out counts to estimate seal abundance in this area is from the beginning of May to the beginning of June.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[abundancia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[temporalidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[crías]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[muda]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Phoca vitulina richardii]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[abundance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[timing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pupping]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[molting]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Phoca vitulina richardii]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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