<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-3325</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Salud mental]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Salud Ment]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-3325</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-33252025000300157</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2025.019</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The Other as Shamer Scale: Validation of an Instrument to Assess External Shame]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Los otros como generadores de vergüenza: validación de un instrumento para evaluar vergüenza externa]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ríos Mercado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sara Patricia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tena Suck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lucio y Gómez Maqueo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Emilia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villafuerte Montiel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana Lilia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuentes-Balderrama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jaime]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Iberoamericana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,The University of Texas at Austin Steve Hicks School of Social Wor ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Austin Texas]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>157</fpage>
<lpage>165</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-33252025000300157&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-33252025000300157&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-33252025000300157&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction The Other as Shamer Scale (OAS) is often used to measure external shame, which has been associated with various psychosocial problems.  Objective To evaluate the psychometric properties of the OAS in a general population sample and a sample of the population with symptoms linked to Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (C-PTSD).  Method Three hundred and forty-one participants completed the OAS and the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to obtain evidence on the construct validity of the scale.  Results The tested model was found to have an adequate fit, as well as adequate concurrent and discriminative validity in relation to the ITQ scores.  Discussion and conclusion The results suggest that the OAS is a valid, reliable instrument for measuring external shame and discriminating between those with and without posttraumatic symptoms.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción La vergüenza externa se ha vinculado a problemáticas psicosociales diversas y la escala de los otros como generadores de vergüenza (OAS) es un instrumento frecuentemente utilizado para medir este constructo.  Objetivo Evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la OAS en una muestra de población general y una muestra de población con síntomas asociados al Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático Complejo (TEPT-C).  Método 341 participantes respondieron la OAS y el Cuestionario Internacional de Trauma (ITQ). Para obtener evidencia sobre la validez de constructo de la escala, se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC).  Resultados Se encontró un ajuste adecuado del modelo, así como una validez concurrente y discriminativa adecuada en relación con los puntajes del ITQ.  Discusión y conclusión Los resultados sugieren que el OAS es un instrumento válido y confiable para medir vergüenza externa y discriminar entre personas con y sin sintomatología postraumática.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[External shame]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[complex trauma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[PTSD]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[psychometric analyses]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[psychopathology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ITQ]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Vergüenza externa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[trauma complejo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[TEPT]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[análisis psicométricos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[psicopatología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ITQ]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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