<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-3325</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Salud mental]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Salud Ment]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-3325</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-33252020000400159</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2020.022</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Levels of nicotine dependence in the elderly and cognitive impairment]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Niveles de dependencia de nicotina en ancianos y deterioro cognitivo]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Assis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ricardo Luís de Aguiar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Junho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bruno Terra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Valdir Ribeiro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais UFMG Programa de Posgrado en Neurociencias Clínica de Neurociencias]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Minas Gerais]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Departamento de Medicina Clínica Disciplina de Psiquiatría]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Espírito Santo]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>159</fpage>
<lpage>166</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-33252020000400159&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-33252020000400159&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-33252020000400159&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction Health problems in elderly individuals are diverse. The use of cigarettes, a potentially addictive substance, has been increasing in the elderly population age group, affecting the cognitive and elderly domains, and becoming an important global public health problem.  Objective This study aimed to investigate the relationship between tobacco consumption by the elderly, as well as different levels of nicotine dependence and cognitive domains of executive functions.  Method It is a case-control study composed by 58 individuals aged &#8805; 60 years, with 29 participants in the clinical group and 29 in the control group. The case-control sample was paired in subgroups by sex, socioeconomic status, schooling, and sample isonomy with the clinical group. We used the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, the Mann-Whitney test, the student T-test, and the Cohen d-estimator.  Results The control group performed better compared to the clinical group with the median grade in the inhibitory control of the executive domain with Cohen&#8217;s d 1.00 in the five-digit test and Cohen&#8217;s 1.5 in the Stroop test. The control group compared with the high-grade clinical group presented better performance with Cohen&#8217;s working memory of 1.56 d, Cohen&#8217;s inhibition of 1.06 d in the five-digit test, and Cohen&#8217;s of 1.17 d in the Stroop test.  Discussion and conclusion The detection of the level of nicotine dependence is associated with the degree of cognitive impairment in the specific executive domain, which provides a possibility of differential diagnosis, both in the clinical and population contexts, directed at the rehabilitation of executive domains most affected by smoking in the elderly.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción Los problemas de salud en las personas mayores son diversos. El consumo de tabaco, una sustancia potencialmente adictiva, ha aumentado en el grupo de edad de la población de ancianos, afectando los dominios cognitivos y de ancianos, convirtiéndose en un importante problema de salud pública mundial.  Objetivo Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la relación entre el consumo de tabaco en los ancianos, los diferentes niveles de dependencia de la nicotina y los dominios cognitivos de las funciones ejecutivas.  Método Es un estudio de casos y controles, compuesto por 58 individuos de &#8805; 60 años, con 29 participantes en el grupo clínico y 29 en el control. La muestra de casos y controles se emparejó en subgrupos por sexo, nivel socioeconómico, escolaridad e isonomía de la muestra con el grupo clínico. Se utilizaron la prueba de normalidad Shapiro-Wilk, la prueba de Mann-Whitney, la prueba Student T y el estimador d de Cohen.  Resultados El grupo de control se desempeñó mejor en comparación con el grupo clínico con el grado medio en el control inhibitorio del dominio ejecutivo con Cohen&#8217;s d 1.00 en la prueba de cinco dígitos y Cohen&#8217;s 1.5 en la prueba de Stroop. En comparación con el grupo clínico de alto grado, el grupo de control presentó un mejor rendimiento con la memoria de trabajo de Cohen de 1.56 d, la inhibición de Cohen de 1.06 d en la prueba de cinco dígitos y la de Cohen de 1.17 d en la prueba de Stroop.  Discusión y conclusión La detección del nivel de dependencia de la nicotina se asocia con el grado de deterioro cognitivo en el dominio ejecutivo específico, lo que brinda la posibilidad de un diagnóstico diferencial, tanto en el contexto clínico como en el de la población, dirigido a la rehabilitación de los dominios ejecutivos más afectados por el tabaquismo en los ancianos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tobacco]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nicotine dependence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cognitive domains]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Tabaco]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[dependencia a la nicotina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[dominios cognitivos]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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