<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-3325</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Salud mental]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Salud Ment]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-3325</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-33252017000400171</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2017.022</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[An overview of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in Alzheimer&#8217;s disease]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La estimulación magnética transcraneal repetitiva (EMTr) como una alternativa de tratamiento en la enfermedad de Alzheimer]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alcalá Lozano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ruth]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morelos Santana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Erik Daniel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Osorio Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Orely]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge Julio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>171</fpage>
<lpage>178</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-33252017000400171&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-33252017000400171&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-33252017000400171&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background Alzheimer&#8217;s disease (AD) is the most frequent neurocognitive disorder. It affects 50% to 75% of the cases of dementia, and is characterized by a progressive cognitive decline that hinders behavior and functionality. Its etiology is still uncertain, and the efficiency of treatments is limited. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been used as an alternative therapeutic strategy, but the clinical impact on Alzheimer&#8217;s disease has hardly been studied.  Objective To describe the effects of rTMS on cognition, the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), and functionality, considering the various modes of application.  Method The PubMed, ScienceDirect, and PsycInfo databases were consulted using key words relating to the topic of study. Articles published between 2006 and 2016 were selected.  Results The studies that have assessed the clinical effect of rTMS have used various parameters to stimulate and compare the different cortical areas, principally the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. A variety of benefits have been proposed for patients with Alzheimer&#8217;s disease in cognitive domains such as language and episodic memory, as well as behavior and functionality in everyday activities.  Discussion and conclusion rTMS has been suggested as a possible treatment for AD, and the results indicate the need for further studies with different methodological designs and more participants, in addition to cognitive rehabilitation techniques. The objective is to identify the most efficient parameters for stimulation and to explore new cortical targets.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Antecedentes La enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) es el trastorno neurocognitivo más frecuente. Afecta de 50 a 75% de los casos de demencia y se caracteriza por un declive cognitivo progresivo que perjudica la conducta y funcionalidad. Su etiología es aún incierta y la eficacia de los tratamientos limitada. La estimulación magnética transcraneal repetitiva (EMTr) se ha utilizado como una estrategia terapéutica alternativa, pero se ha estudiado poco el impacto clínico que tiene en la EA.  Objetivo Describir los efectos de la EMTr sobre la cognición y los síntomas psicológicos y conductuales de la demencia (SPCD), así como en la funcionalidad, considerando las diferentes modalidades de aplicación.  Método Se consultaron las bases de datos PubMed, ScienceDirect y PsycInfo utilizando palabras clave relacionadas con el tema de estudio. Se seleccionaron los artículos publicados de 2006 a 2016.  Resultados Los estudios que han evaluado el efecto clínico de la EMTr han utilizado diferentes parámetros de estimulación y comparaciones de diferentes áreas corticales, principalmente de la corteza prefrontal dorsolateral. Se postulan diferentes beneficios en pacientes con EA en dominios cognitivos como el lenguaje y la memoria episódica, así como en la conducta y en la funcionalidad de las actividades de la vida diaria.  Discusión y conclusión La EMTr se ha sugerido como posible tratamiento para la EA. Los resultados favorecen la necesidad de realizar nuevos estudios con diferentes diseños metodológicos y mayor número de participantes, en combinación con técnicas de rehabilitación cognitiva. La perspectiva es identificar los parámetros de estimulación más eficaces y explorar nuevas dianas corticales.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Alzheimer&#8217;s disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cognition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enfermedad de Alzheimer]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estimulación magnética transcraneal repetitiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cognición]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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