<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-3309</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de fitopatología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fitopatol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-3309</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Fitopatología A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-33092026000200006</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18781/r.mex.fit.2601-2</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Potencial antagonista de rizobacterias nativas de Parkinsonia aculeata sobre Fusarium spp. asociado a maíces criollos del Bajío, México]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Potential antagonist of native rhizobacteria of Parkinsonia aculeata on Fusarium spp. associated with native maize varieties from Bajío, Mexico]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Argentel-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leandris]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peñuelas-Rubio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ofelda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cervantes-Ortíz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arias-Moscoso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joe Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cadena-Cadena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romo-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pamela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lorenzo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fierro-Coronado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosario Alicia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Tecnológico Nacional de México  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Sonora]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Tecnológico Nacional de México  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Aguascalientes]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Tecnológico Nacional de México  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Guanajuato]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Sinaloa]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-33092026000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-33092026000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-33092026000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Antecedentes/Objetivo. El género Fusarium comprende algunos de los hongos fitopatógenos más importantes que afectan al cultivo de maíz, ya que ocasionan enfermedades como la pudrición de la raíz, tallo y mazorca, que afectan la productividad agrícola de este cultivo. En la búsqueda de alternativas agrobiotecnológicas para el control de este hongo, se desarrolló el presente estudio para evaluar el potencial antagonista de rizobacterias de Parkinsonia aculeata contra cepas de Fusarium spp. asociadas a maíces criollos del Bajío, México.  Desarrollo experimental. Se emplearon dos cepas de Fusarium spp. (MC-03 y MC-05), aisladas de raíces de maíces nativos del Bajío, México con síntomas de Fusariosis. Estos hongos se confrontaron in vitro con nueve rizobacterias de P. aculeata: Enterobacter cloacae (BA1), Priestia megaterium (BA4 y BA-7B), Sinomonas halotolerans (BA10-B), BP5 (Staphylococcus warneri), BP6 (P. endophytica), Bacillus subtilis (TP1 y TP2) y S. hominis (TM6). Se realizó una caracterización micro-macroscópica de las cepas fúngicas y bioquímica para las rizobacterias. Se determinó la inhibición del crecimiento radial de los aislados fúngicos mediante confrontaciones duales hongo-rizobacterias por triplicado. Se empleó un diseño completamente aleatorizado, analizando los datos obtenidos en el software STATISTICA mediante una ANOVA basada en un modelo lineal de efectos fijos y una prueba comparación de medias por DMS (p&gt;0.05).  Resultados. A excepción de P. endophytica (BP6), todas las rizobacterias presentaron actividad enzimática relacionada con mecanismos de antagonismo fúngico. B. subtilis (TP1) produjo gluacanasas, lipasas y proteasas. La caracterización micro y macroscópica de las cepas fúngicas indicó que pertenecen a Fusarium spp. En la confrontación rizobacterias- MC-03, las cepas bacterianas de B. subtilis (TP1 y TP2) fueron estadísticamente iguales y lograron la mayor inhibición del crecimiento micelial (23 %). Con la cepa fúngica MC-05, P. endophytica (BP6) y S. hominis (TM6) fueron estadísticamente superiores al resto de las rizobacterias al momento inhibir el crecimiento micelial en 17 %, seguidas por las dos cepas de B. subtilis (TP1 y TP2) que inhibieron el 10 y 17 % respectivamente.  Conclusión. Existió variabilidad significativa en la respuesta del crecimiento micelial de los hongos ante las rizobacterias. B. subtilis (TP1 y TP2), S. hominis (TM6) y P. endophytica (BP6), presentaron un efecto antagónico, ya que inhibieron el crecimiento micelial de las cepas de Fusarium spp. hasta en 23 % respecto al control absoluto y comercial. El presente estudio establece las bases científicas preliminares para la obtención de un biofungicida con capacidades específicas de inhibición de los hongos estudiados.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Background/Objective. The genus Fusarium comprises some of the most important phytopathogenic fungi affecting maize crops. Fusarium cause diseases such as root, stalk, and ear rot, which negatively impact the crop's agricultural productivity. In the search for agrobiotechnological alternatives for controlling this fungus, this study was aimed to evaluate the antagonistic potential of Parkinsonia aculeata rhizobacteria against Fusarium spp. strains associated with native maize varieties from the Bajío region of Mexico.  Experimental development. Two strains of Fusarium spp. (MC-03 and MC-05), isolated from roots of native maize varieties from the Bajío region of Mexico, exhibiting Fusarium wilt symptoms, were used. These fungi were tested in vitro against nine rhizobacteria of P. aculeata: Enterobacter cloacae (BA1), Priestia megaterium (BA4 and BA-7B), Sinomonas halotolerans (BA10-B), Staphylococcus warneri (BP5), P. endophytica (BP6), Bacillus subtilis (TP1 and TP2), and S. hominis (TM6). Microscopic and macroscopic characterization of the fungal strains and biochemical analysis of the rhizobacteria were performed. Radial growth inhibition of the fungal isolates was determined by triplicate dual fungus-rhizobacteria confrontations. A completely randomized design was used, analyzing the data obtained in the STATISTICA software using an ANOVA based on a linear model of fixed effects and a mean comparison test by DMS (p&gt;0.05).  Results. With the exception of P. endophytica (BP6), all rhizobacteria exhibited enzymatic activity related to fungal antagonism mechanisms. B. subtilis (TP1) produced glucanases, lipases, and proteases. Microscopic and macroscopic characterization of the fungal strains indicated that they belong to Fusarium spp. In the rhizobacteria-MC-03 confrontation, the B. subtilis bacterial strains (TP1 and TP2) were statistically similar and achieved the greatest inhibition of mycelial growth (23%). With the fungal strain MC-05, P. endophytica (BP6) and S. hominis (TM6) were statistically superior to the other rhizobacteria in inhibiting mycelial growth (17%), followed by the two B. subtilis strains (TP1 and TP2), which inhibited 10% and 17%, respectively.  Conclusion. There was a significant variability in the mycelial growth response of the fungi to rhizobacteria. B. subtilis (TP1 and TP2), S. hominis (TM6), and P. endophytica (BP6) exhibited an antagonistic effect, inhibiting the mycelial growth of Fusarium spp. strains by up to 23% compared to the absolute and commercial controls. This study establishes the preliminary scientific basis for obtaining a biofungicide with specific inhibitory capabilities against the fungi studied.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Bacillus subtilis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Hongos fitopatógenos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Priestia endophytica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Staphylococcus hominis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Zea mays]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bacillus subtilis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Phytopathogenic fungi]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Priestia endophytica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Staphylococcus hominis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Zea mays]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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