<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-2620</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Estudios de historia moderna y contemporánea de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Estud. hist. mod. contemp. Mex]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-2620</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-26202023000100005</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/iih.24485004e.2023.65.77776</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Incursiones indias en el norte de Tamaulipas durante la primera mitad del siglo XIX. Un primer escrutinio de su comportamiento y características]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Indian Incursions into Northern Tamaulipas during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century. A First Scrutiny of their Behavior and Characteristics]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olvera Charles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>65</numero>
<fpage>5</fpage>
<lpage>33</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-26202023000100005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-26202023000100005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-26202023000100005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El objetivo del presente artículo es identificar las etapas de las incursiones indias en el norte de Tamaulipas durante el largo periodo de la primera mitad del siglo XIX. Se postula la continuidad y la adaptación de varios factores que convergieron en la época colonial e influyeron en el curso de las irrupciones y el trato de las fuerzas colonizadoras a las tribus nómadas. Su estudio permite tener una visión más completa y profunda del fenómeno y de su papel en la formación de la frontera norte de México. Una conclusión principal es que las autoridades mexicanas y americanas fueron incapaces de desarrollar mecanismos adecuados para incorporar a los nativos al nuevo espacio fronterizo y a las sociedades ahí germinadas. Para éstos resultó difícil dejar su tipo de vida tradicional y adaptarse a las condiciones creadas por la redefinición de la frontera. Las incursiones fueron un claro ejemplo de este accidentado proceso.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The objective of this article is to identify the stages of Indian incursions-a long-lasting phenomenon-into the north of Tamaulipas during the first half of the nineteenth century. It posits the continuity and adaptation of several factors, which converged in the Colonial era and influenced both the course of the raids and the treatment of the nomads by the colonizing forces. This kind of study allows for a more complete and in-depth view of the phenomenon, and of its influence in the formation of Mexico&#8217;s northern border. One of the main conclusions reached is that both Mexican and American authorities proved unable to devise mechanisms able to incorporate the natives into the territory of this new border and the societies which sprung up in it. For the natives, casting away their traditional way of life and adapting to the conditions brought about by the reshaping of the northern border proved to be arduous. The raids from the Natives stand as a clear example of this rough process.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[frontera]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[conflicto]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[colonización]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[amerindio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cambio cultural]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estereotipo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[border]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[conflict]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[colonization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Amerindian]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cultural change]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[stereotype]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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