<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-1918</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de ciencias políticas y sociales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. cienc. polít. soc]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-1918</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-19182020000300431</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/fcpys.2448492xe.2020.240.76632</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Mujeres y empresas: tendencias estadísticas y debates conceptuales]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Women and Companies: Statistical Trends and Conceptual Debates]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zabludovsky Kuper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,UNAM Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>240</numero>
<fpage>431</fpage>
<lpage>459</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-19182020000300431&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-19182020000300431&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-19182020000300431&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN El artículo analiza el papel de las mujeres como directoras de empresas a partir de una metodología basada en el análisis de estadísticas y en debates teóricos. En términos conceptuales se muestran los problemas vinculados con las diversas connotaciones de vocablos como &#8220;empoderamiento&#8221;, &#8220;empresaria&#8221;, &#8220;emprendedora&#8221;, &#8220;trabajadora independiente&#8221; y/o &#8220;empleadora&#8221; y alerta sobre los riesgos que, para el trabajo académico, tiene la utilización de una terminología polivalente e imprecisa. Desde la perspectiva cuantitativa, el estudio incorpora un análisis de los datos de empleo, de la matrícula universitaria, de los cargos ejecutivos y de las responsabilidades domésticas, para mostrar cómo prevalecen ocupaciones &#8220;masculinas&#8221; y &#8220;femeninas&#8221;. El objetivo prioritario de este estudio son las empresarias, cuya presencia se concentra en las unidades micro y pequeñas -a menudo a nivel de subsistencia- y en las actividades del comercio al menudeo y servicios como los educativos, los de alimentos y de hospedaje. En contrapartida, están prácticamente ausentes en minería y construcción. El texto concluye destacando la importancia de adoptar una perspectiva holística que integre la investigación cuantitativa y cualitativa con la reflexión teórica.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The article examines the role of women in business from an academic approach that embraces the analysis of statistical data and conceptual debates. The study examines the problems associated with the definitions of some key terms such as &#8220;independent worker&#8221;, &#8220;self-employed&#8221;, &#8220;entrepreneur&#8221;, &#8220;employer&#8221; and/or &#8220;empowerment&#8221; and warns about the research problems related with the use of an ambiguous lexicon. The article presents an analysis of gender-disaggregated data about occupations, university enrollment, managerial and executive positions, and domestic duties and shows how cultural preconceptions related to &#8220;male&#8221; and &#8220;female&#8221; employments still dominate in contemporary societies. As for women business owners, the main objective of this study, the conclusions show that their presence is concentrated in micro and small units -often at the subsistence level- and in retail and services such as education, food and lodging. In contrast, they are practically absent in the areas of mining and construction and as owners of large companies. The text closes emphasizing the importance of a holistic perspective -with the potential to integrate quantitative data, qualitative research and theoretical contributions- for future research on the subject.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[empresarias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[emprendimiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[empleo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[empoderamiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[mujeres]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[businesswomen]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[entrepreneurship]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[employment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[empowerment]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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