<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-1667</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Investigación económica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Inv. Econ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-1667</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Economía]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-16672006000300045</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Tasa de desempleo y tasas de empleo: ¿categorías estadísticas o construcciones teóricas?]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Rate of Unemployment and Employment Rates: Statistical Categories or Theoretical Constructs?]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roncaglia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alessandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blanco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[León]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Roma &#8216;La Sapienza&#8217; Departamento de Ciencias Económicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Roma ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>257</numero>
<fpage>45</fpage>
<lpage>61</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-16672006000300045&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-16672006000300045&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-16672006000300045&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Más allá de los problemas de especificación comunes a todas las categorías estadísticas, las nociones de tasa de desempleo y tasas de empleo están conectadas con enfoques teóricos alternativos: la primera, a la tradición marginalista y a la actual corriente principal; la segunda, a los clásicos y a la tradición keynesiana. La tasa de desempleo mide la distancia de la economía bajo consideración del equilibrio de pleno empleo, por tanto, señala la idea del mercado como un mecanismo equilibrador bajo el cual la competencia perfecta asegura el pleno empleo de la fuerza de trabajo disponible. Dentro del análisis clásico de la riqueza de las naciones, en cambio, el papel central lo ocupa la cuota de productividad de los trabajadores sobre la población total, mientras que la noción de desempleo voluntario sólo aparece en los debates concernientes a ayuda para la pobreza, y la noción de tasa de desempleo nunca es utilizada. Las fallas básicas de la teoría tradicional marginalista del empleo, basado en la relación inversa entre tasa de salario y demanda por trabajo, pueden inducirnos a atribuir mayor importancia a la noción de tasa de desempleo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Beyond the specification issues common to all statistical categories, the notions of unemployment rate and employment rates are connected to alternative theoretical approaches: the first one to the marginalist tradition and to today's mainstream, the second to the Classical and Keynesian tradition. The unemployment rate measures the distance of the economy under consideration from the full employment equilibrium; hence it points to the idea of the market as an equilibrator mechanism which under perfect competition ensures full employment of the available labour force. Within the Classical analysis of the wealth of nations, instead, a central role is played by the share of productive workers on total population, while the notion of involuntary unemployment only appears in the debates concerning poor aid and the notion of unemployment rate is never utilised. The basic faults of the traditional marginalist theory of employment, based as it is on the inverse relationship between wage rate and demand for labour, should induce us to attribute greater importance to the notion of employment rates.]]></p></abstract>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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