<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-1667</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Investigación económica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Inv. Econ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-1667</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Economía]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-16672006000300019</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[What is Wrong with Economic Liberalization? The Mexican Case]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[¿Qué está mal con la liberalización económica? El caso mexicano]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elena]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mántey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guadalupe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel Ángel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>257</numero>
<fpage>19</fpage>
<lpage>43</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-16672006000300019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-16672006000300019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-16672006000300019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: The authors argue that as a result of their technological dependence on developed countries, semi-industrialized economies cannot share in the benefits of international trade. They contend that the free competition assumption on which the conventional international trade theory rests does not hold in reality, and that the new international division of labor is responsible for slowing down income growth and increasing poverty in many developing countries. On the basis of structuralist theory of development, the paper asserts that exchange rate depreciation in an open developing economy like Mexico cannot be relied upon to improve the trade balance. In fact, these countries are often forced to rely on overvaluing the national currency and depressing real wage rates to keep inflation in check, which in turn cause growth rates to fall and poverty to increase -as have been observed in Mexico since the early 1980's-. The authors present two models of wage rate determination in Mexican manufacturing industry that support their hypotheses, and propose policy measures to achieve balanced growth with a more equitable income distribution.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Los autores argumentan que, como resultado de su dependencia tecnológica con los países desarrollados, las economías semindustrializadas no pueden participar en los beneficios del comercio internacional. Se afirma que la supuesta libre competencia, sobre la cual descansa la teoría convencional del comercio internacional, no se sostiene en realidad, y que la nueva división internacional del trabajo es responsable del atrasado crecimiento del ingreso y del incremento de la pobreza en muchos países en desarrollo. Sobre las bases de la teoría estructuralista del desarrollo, el artículo afirma que la depreciación del tipo de cambio en un país en desarrollo con economía abierta como México no puede ser confiable para mejorar la balanza comercial. De hecho, estos países son a menudo forzados a basarse en una sobrevaluación de la moneda nacional y una depreciación de la tasa del salario real para mantener la inflación bajo control, lo cual alternadamente causa una caída en las tasas de crecimiento e incrementos en la pobreza -así ha sido observado en México durante los primeros años de la década de los ochenta-. Los autores presentan dos modelos de determinación de la tasa de salario en la industria manufacturera mexicana, que apoyan sus hipótesis y que proponen medidas de política que logren un crecimiento balanceado con una mayor equidad en la distribución del ingreso.]]></p></abstract>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arestis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Milberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Degree of Monopoly, Pricing and Flexible Exchange Rates]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Post-Keynesian Economics]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arestis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skuse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Wage and Price Setting in a Post-Keynesian Theory of Inflation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economies et Societés]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baltagi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nonstationary Panels, Cointegration in Panels and Dynamic Panels: a Survey]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Advances in Econometrics]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>15</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galindo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[From the Import Substitution Model to the Import-Export Model: Reassessing Mexico&#8217;s Trade Liberalization Process During the Last two Decades]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Charemza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deadman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[New Directions in Econometric Practice]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Aldershot ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Edward Elgar]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Doeringer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Internal Labour Markets and Manpower Analysis]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lexington ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[D.C. Heath]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dussel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Efectos de la apertura comercial en el empleo y el mercado laboral de México y sus diferencias con Argentina y Brasil (1990-2003)]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Organización Internacional del Trabajo, Unidad de Análisis e Investigación sobre el Empleo, Departamento de Estrategias de Empleo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eichner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Una teoría de la determinación del margen de ganancia en el oligopolio]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ocampo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Economía Poskeynesiana]]></source>
<year>1973</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gereffi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Las cadenas productivas como marco analítico para la globalización]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Problemas del Desarrollo]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>125</numero>
<issue>125</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gordon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Theories of Poverty and Underemployment]]></source>
<year>1972</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lexington ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[D.C. Heath]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greenwald]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stiglitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[New and Old Keynesians]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Economic Perspectives]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hanson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harrison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trade Liberalization and Wage Inequality in Mexico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Industrial and Labor Relations Review]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaldor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A Model of Economic Growth]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economic Journal]]></source>
<year>1957</year>
<volume>LXVII</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaldor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mirrlees]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A New Model of Economic Growth]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hahn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Readings in the Theory of Growth]]></source>
<year>1962</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Macmillan Student Editions]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Katz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cambios estructurales y productividad en la industria latinoamericana, 1970-1996]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de la CEPAL]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<numero>71</numero>
<issue>71</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krugman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Scale Economies, Product Differentiation, and the Pattern of Trade]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Economic Review]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krugman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Does the New Trade Theory Require a New Trade Policy?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World Economy]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krugman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Growing World Trade: Causes and Consequences]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Brookings Papers]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge, M.A. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[National Bureau of Economics]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krugman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lawrence]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trade Jobs and Wages]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Scientific American]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>270</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krugman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Obstfeld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Economía Internacional: Teoría y Política]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[McGraw Hill]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dussel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El comercio intraindustrial de México, 1990-1999]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comercio Exterior]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leontaridi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Segmented Labour Markets: Theory and Evidence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Economic Surveys]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Linder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[An Essay on Trade and Transformation]]></source>
<year>1961</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[J. Wiley and Sons]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Manufacturing Real Wages in Mexico]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Mexico ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNAM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MacAdams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Is the Stolper-Samuelson Theorem Still Operational?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Paper Store Enterprises Inc.]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mántey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inflation Targeting and Exchange Rate Risk in Emerging Economies Subject to Structural Inflation]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Motames-Samadian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Economics and Financial Developments in Latin American Markets]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Palgrave Macmillan]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Apertura comercial y cambio tecnológico: efectos en el mercado laboral mexicano]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trimestre Económico]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>LXX</volume>
<numero>279</numero>
<issue>279</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno-Brid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mexico&#8217;s Economic Growth and the Balance of Payments Constraint: a Cointegration Analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Review of Applied Economics]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ocampo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taylor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trade Liberalisation in Developing Economies: Modest Benefits but Problems with Productivity Growth, Macro Prices, and Income Distribution]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economic Journal]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>108</volume>
<numero>450</numero>
<issue>450</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ohlin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Interregional and International Trade]]></source>
<year>1933</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Harvard University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Dual Labour Market: Theory and Implications]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gordon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Problems in Political Economy: An Urban Perspective]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lexington ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[D.C. Heath]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prebisch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cinco etapas de mi pensamiento sobre el desarrollo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trimestre Económico]]></source>
<year>1983</year>
<volume>L</volume>
<numero>196</numero>
<issue>196</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prebisch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El desarrollo económico de América Latina y algunos de sus principales problemas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trimestre Económico]]></source>
<year>1949</year>
<volume>XVI</volume>
<numero>63</numero>
<issue>63</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Essays in the Theory of Economic Growth]]></source>
<year>1962</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Macmillan]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exports, Growth and Employment in Mexico, 1978-2000]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Post-Keynesian Economics]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>27</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Globalización: desigualdades territoriales y salariales]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Problemas del Desarrollo]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>117</numero>
<issue>117</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samuelson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[International Trade and Equalization of Factor Prices]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economic Journal]]></source>
<year>1948</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<numero>230</numero>
<issue>230</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samuelson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[International Factor Price Equalization Once Again]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economic Journal]]></source>
<year>1949</year>
<volume>59</volume>
<numero>234</numero>
<issue>234</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos-Paulino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thirlwall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Impact of Trade Liberalization on Exports, Imports and Balance of Payments of Developing Countries]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Economic Journal]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>114</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sawyer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inflación y desempleo: una interpretación estructuralista]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mántey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Inflación, crédito y salarios: nuevos enfoques de política monetaria para mercados imperfectos]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNAM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schumpeter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Theory of Economic Development: An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Interest and the Business Cycle]]></source>
<year>1935</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sraffa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Laws of Returns Under Competitive Conditions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economic Journal]]></source>
<year>1926</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stallings]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El empleo en América Latina, base fundamental de la política social]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de la CEPAL]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<numero>75</numero>
<issue>75</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stolper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samuelson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Protection and Real Wage Rates]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Review of Economic Studies]]></source>
<year>1941</year>
<volume>9</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thirlwall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Trade, the Balance of Payments and Exchange Rate Policy in Developing Countries]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cheltenham ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Edward Elgar]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tornell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;¿Es el libre comercio la mejor opción? Comercio Heckscher-Ohlin vs comercio intraindustrial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[El Trimestre Económico]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>UNCTAD</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Trade and Development Report 2004]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Geneva ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNCTAD]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El margen de ganancia a largo plazo]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ocampo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Economía Poskeynesiana]]></source>
<year>1975</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
