<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-1667</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Investigación económica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Inv. Econ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-1667</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Economía]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-16671999000200097</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Liberalización comercial y elasticidad del tipo de cambio real efectivo de las importaciones y exportaciones manufactureras mexicanas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Commercial liberalization and the elasticity of the real exchange rate effective for Mexican manufacturing imports and exports]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila Centro de Investigaciones Socioeconómicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>1999</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>1999</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>59</volume>
<numero>228</numero>
<fpage>97</fpage>
<lpage>142</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-16671999000200097&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-16671999000200097&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-16671999000200097&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En el presente estudio se analizan tres aspectos fundamentales en el comportamiento del sector manufacturero mexicano durante el periodo de liberalización económica: el primero, se refiere a los cambios que dan pauta a modificaciones de la estructura manufacturera por rama industrial; el segundo, se relaciona con la estructura del comercio exterior manufacturero por subsector y rama industrial; y, el tercero, es la evaluación de los efectos en la variación del tipo de cambio y las tarifas en las importaciones y exportaciones del sector manufacturero por industria. La metodología utilizada se basa en el concepto de tipo de cambio real efectivo, el cual refleja el efecto combinado de los movimientos en el tipo de cambio nominal, el diferencial de la inflación doméstica e internacional y los cambios en el nivel de las tarifas ponderadas por industria. El análisis comprende los años de 1980 a 1993. La elección de esta etapa se basó en las siguientes consideraciones: en el transcurso de esta fase, en particular a partir de 1983, se generaron importantes transformaciones en la estructura industrial; asimismo, desde 1987 se aprecia un periodo en el que se acelera la instrumentación de las políticas de liberalización comercial; y, finalmente, la extensión de este lapso fue necesaria para contar con una serie de tiempo que permitiera el uso de la técnica de regresión multivariable. Las funciones de demanda de importaciones y oferta de exportaciones son presentadas en una forma de "elasticidad constante", mediante el uso de una forma logarítmica lineal. Los resultados muestran una importante expansión de las manufacturas, particularmente en las industrias vinculadas a la exportación. Asimismo, se observa una alta dependencia del sector manufacturero con respecto a las importaciones. La política de promoción a las exportaciones estuvo restringida por las políticas de ajuste macroeconómico, lo que implicó, en el mediano plazo, una alta volatilidad del tipo de cambio en un contexto deficitario de la balanza comercial manufacturera. Finalmente, la elasticidad del tipo de cambio real fue relativamente menor para las exportaciones que para las importaciones, lo cual implicó la necesidad de devaluaciones pronunciadas para corregir el déficit comercial del sector. Lo anterior trajo como consecuencia la contracción de la demanda interna y producción de las industrias orientadas al mercado externo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This study analyzes three fundamental aspects in the behaviour of the Mexican manufacturing sector, during the period so far of economic liberalization. The first aspect deals with changes that indicate modifications to manufacturing structure according to the branch of industry. The second is related to the structure of external manufacturing commerce according to the sub-sector and branch of industry. Finally, the third aspect provides an evaluation of the effects of variation in the exchange rate and tariffs, on imports and exports within the manufacturing sector according to industry. This analysis covers the period 1980-1983. The results show a significant expans1on in manufacturing, particularly regarding industries linked to exports.]]></p></abstract>
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