<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-1101</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de astronomía y astrofísica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. astron. astrofis]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-1101</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Astronomía]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-11012023000200171</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/ia.01851101p.2023.59.02.02</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[On the correct computation of all lyapunov exponents in hamiltonian dynamical systemsS]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carpintero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muzzio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de La Plata Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Plata ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de La Plata Instituto de Astrofísica de La Plata ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Plata ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>59</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>171</fpage>
<lpage>175</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-11012023000200171&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-11012023000200171&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-11012023000200171&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The Lyapunov characteristic exponents are a useful indicator of chaos in astronomical dynamical systems. They are usually computed through a standard, very efficient and neat algorithm published in 1980. However, for Hamiltonian systems the expected result of pairs of opposite exponents is not always obtained with enough precision. We find here why in these cases the initial order of the deviation vectors matters, and how to sort them in order to obtain a correct result.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Los exponentes característicos de Lyapunov constituyen un útil indicador de caos en sistemas dinámicos astronómicos. Habitualmente se los calcula mediante un algoritmo muy claro y eficiente publicado en 1980. Sin embargo, para sistemas hamiltonianos, el resultado esperable de pares de exponentes opuestos no siempre se obtiene con suficiente precisión. Aquí encontramos por qué en estos casos es importante el orden inicial de los vectores de desviación, y cómo deben distribuirse a fin de obtener un resultado correcto.]]></p></abstract>
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