Chemical Evolution and the Galactic Habitable Zone of M31
Leticia Carigi,1 Jorge García-Rojas,2,3 and Sofía Meneses-Goytia1,4
1 Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., C.P. 04510, México. (carigi@astro.unam.mx).
2 Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. (jogarcia@iac.es).
3 Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad, Tenerife, Spain.
]]> 4 Kapteyn Instituut, Rijkuniversiteit Groningen, Nederland. (s.meneses-goytia@astro.rug.nl)
Received 2012 August 15.
Accepted 2013 May 17.
RESUMEN
Calculamos la Zona de Habitabilidad Galáctica (ZHG) de M31 basándonos en la probabilidad de formación de planetas terrestres dependiente de la metalicidad (Z) del medio interestelar. La ZHG fue determinada a partir de un modelo de evolución química construido para reproducir un gradiente de metalicidad en el disco galáctico: [O/H](r)=—0.015 dex kpc—1 x r(kpc) + 0.44 dex. Suponiendo que los planetas tipo Tierra se forman bajo una ley de probabilidad que sigue la distribución de Z mostrada por las estrellas con planetas, la ZHG más probable se localiza entre 3 y 7 kpc para planetas con edades entre 6 y 7 Ga, aunque el mayor número de estrellas con planetas habitables se encuentra en un anillo localizado entre 12 y 14 kpc y edad promedio de 7 Ga. El 11% y 6.5% de todas las estrellas formadas en M31 tendrían planetas capaces de albergar vida básica y compleja, respectivamente.
ABSTRACT
We have computed the Galactic Habitable Zones (GHZs) of the Andromeda galaxy (M31) based on the probability of terrestrial planet formation, which depends on the metallicity (Z) of the interstellar medium, and the number of stars formed per unit surface area. The GHZ was obtained from a chemical evolution model built to reproduce a metallicity gradient in the galactic disk, [O/H](r)=—0.015 dex kpc—1x r(kpc) + 0.44 dex. If we assume that Earth-like planets form with a probability law that follows the Z distribution shown by stars with detected planets, the most probable GHZ per pc2 is located between 3 and 7 kpc for planets with ages between 6 and 7 Gyr. However, the highest number of stars with habitable planets is located in a ring between 12 and 14 kpc with a mean age of 7 Gyr. 11% and 6.5% of the all formed stars in M31 may have planets capable of hosting basic and complex life, respectively.
]]> Key Words: galaxies: evolution — galaxies: individual (M31) — planets and satellites: formation.
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