G. Ramos-Larios1, J. P. Phillips1, and S. N. Kemp1
1 Instituto de Astronomía y Meteorología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Vallarta No. 2602, Col. Arcos Vallarta, 44130 Guadalajara, Jalisco, México (gerardo@astro.iam.udg.mx, jpp@cencar.udg.mx, snk@astro.iam.udg.mx).
Received 2005 September 5
Aaccepted 2006 February 17
]]> RESUMEN
Se ha determinado la distribución de emisión H2 en 14 (NP's), usando imágenes y fotometría publicadas en el catálogo infrarrojo de 2MASS. Esta técnica es aplicable solo bajo ciertas condiciones y requiere fotometría precisa, así como un exacto registro espacial entre las imágenes de banda KS y H. Es, además, sólo aplicable para algunas fuentes, y excluye flujos en los cuales, la estrella central y el exceso de polvo caliente son apreciables. Los resultados para NGC 3132, NGC 6720, IC 4406 y M 2—9 son muy similares a imágenes previas de banda angosta, y confirman que la emisión H2 está confinada a una envoltura delgada muy fragmentada. Se obtienen resultados similares para M 1—7, M 1—8 y M 3—5. Los perfiles espaciales también confirman que la emisión se extiende fuera de las cáscaras ionizadas primarias. Cuando las cáscaras son mayores y las NP's son más evolucionadas, entonces las extensiones fraccionales Δθ/θ parecen ser más pequeñas. También son similares a los anchos radiales predichos para los perfiles de abundancias de H2, y a los valores ΔR/R determinados a través de modelación magnetohidrodinámica de choques. Finalmente, parece haber evidencia para una evolución en este parámetro, tal que Δθ/θ varía con el incremento de la medida de la envoltura d(H) como Δθ/θ ∝d(H)-2.2.
ABSTRACT
We have determined the distribution of H2 emission in 14 planetary nebulae (PNe), using imaging and photometry published by the 2MASS infrared survey. This technique is only applicable under certain stringent conditions, and requires precise broad band photometry, and accurate spatial registration between the KS and H band images. It is, in addition, only applicable to certain sources, and excludes outflows in which central star and grain thermal excesses are appreciable. Our results for NGC 3132, NGC 6720, IC 4406 and M 2-9 are closely similar to those of previous narrow band imaging, and confirm that H2 emission is confined to narrow, highly fragmented shells. Similar results are obtained for M 1—7, M 1—8, and M 3—5. Our spatial profiles also confirm that the emission extends outside of the primary ionised shells. Where envelopes are large, and the PNe are more evolved, then the fractional extensions Δθ/θ appear to be at their smallest. They are also similar to the radial widths predicted for H2 abundance profiles, and to the values ΔR/R determined through magnetohydrodynamic modelling of shocks. There appears, finally, to be evidence for an evolution in this parameter, such that Δθ/θ varies with increasing envelope size d(H) as Δθ/θ ∝ d(H)-2 2.
Key Words: ISM: GENERAL — PLANETARY NEBULAE: GENERAL.
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