<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-092X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ingeniería sísmica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ing. sísm]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-092X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Ingeniería Sísmica A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-092X2023000200032</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18867/ris.111.645</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Estudio de eventos sísmicos registrados en las proximidades a centros mineros]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Study of seismic events recorded in the proximities of mining centers]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lagunas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ayala Milián]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. Gustavo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Badillo-Almaraz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hiram]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escamilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marco A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Ingeniería ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Zacatecas Zac.]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>111</numero>
<fpage>32</fpage>
<lpage>56</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-092X2023000200032&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-092X2023000200032&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-092X2023000200032&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN En los últimos años se ha observado un aumento significativo de la actividad sísmica en zonas consideradas de baja sismicidad. Tal es el caso del estado de Zacatecas, México, en donde en los últimos años se ha registrado un incremento importante de eventos sísmicos. Del año 2015 a 2019 se registraron en el estado 16 sismos mientras que tan solo en el año 2020, el Servicio Sismológico Nacional (SSN) reportó 116 eventos sísmicos. Este estudio se centra en investigar si este aumento de sismicidad está relacionado con los trabajos de explosiones de las minas que operan en la región. Se analizan los registros correspondientes a estos sismos obtenidos de la estación ZAIG del SSN, ubicada en la ciudad de Zacatecas, utilizando distintos criterios de la literatura para distinguir entre un sismo y una explosión. Estos registros también son comparados con los datos obtenidos de una campaña de monitoreo de vibración realizada en una mina. Los resultados indican que un considerable número de estos sismos están directamente relacionados con la actividad minera, lo que sugiere que esta es la principal causa del aumento de la actividad sísmica en la región. Adicionalmente, se evalúan los niveles de vibración de los registros asociadas con las explosiones mineras identificadas en este trabajo con la norma internacional ISO, que define distintos niveles permisibles según el tipo de estructura. Los resultados ponen en alerta a las autoridades y a la población sobre los riesgos potenciales asociados a las explosiones mineras.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT In recent years, a significant increase in seismic activity has been observed in areas considered to have low seismicity. This is the case of the state of Zacatecas, Mexico, where a notable rise in seismic events has been recorded in recent years. From 2015 to 2019, 16 earthquakes were registered in the state, while in 2020 alone, the National Seismological Service (SSN) reported 116 seismic events. This study focuses on investigating whether this increase in seismicity is related to the blasting activities of the mines operating in the region. The records of these earthquakes obtained from the SSN's ZAIG station, located in Zacatecas City, are analyzed using different criteria from the literature to distinguish between an earthquake and an explosion. These records are also compared with data obtained from a vibration monitoring campaign carried out in a mine. The results indicate that a considerable number of these earthquakes are directly related to mining activity, suggesting that this is the main cause of the increased seismic activity in the region. Additionally, the vibration levels of the records associated with the mining explosions identified in this work are evaluated against the international ISO standard, which defines different permissible levels according to the type of structure. The results alert authorities and the population about the potential risks associated with mining explosions.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[zona sísmica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[explosiones en minas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[vibraciones]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sismicidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[centros mineros]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[seismic zone]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mining blasting]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[vibrations]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[seismicity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mining centers]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>BBC mundo</collab>
<source><![CDATA[¿Cómo distinguen los sismólogos un terremoto de una explosión como la de Corea del Norte?]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[BBC]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>BS 7385-2</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Part 2: Evaluation and Measurement for Vibration in Buildings]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Guide to Damage Levels From Ground Borne Vibration, British Standard]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>DIN 4150</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Part 3: Structural Vibration in Buildings. Effects of Vibration on Structures]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[German Standard, Deutsches Institut Fur Normung E.V.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durrheim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anderson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cichowicz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ebrahim-Trolloped]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hubert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kijko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van der Merwe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The risks to miners, mines, and the public posed by large seismic events in the gold mining districts of South Africa]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Proceedings of the Third International Seminar on Deep and High Stress Mining]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Quebec, Canada </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gibowicz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Seismicity induced by surface mining: the Belchatow, Poland, earthquake of 29 November 1980]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Mont.]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<numero>61</numero>
<issue>61</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Czechoslovakia ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gibowicz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kijko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[An introduction to mining seismology]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<page-range>399</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academic Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Havskov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Voss]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ottemöller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Seismological Observatory Software: 30 Yr of SEISAN]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Seismological Research Letters]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>91</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1846-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>International Standards Organisation (ISO)</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bases for design of structures-Serviceability of buildings against vibration]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[ISO10137]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Geneva ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kisslinger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A review of theories of mechanisms of induced seismicity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Engineering Geology]]></source>
<year>1976</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>2-4</numero>
<issue>2-4</issue>
<page-range>85-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kusznir N]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ashwin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bradley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mining induced seismicity in the North Staffordshire coalfield, England]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences &amp; Geomechanics Abstracts]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>45-55</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Pergamon]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lagunas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Comportamiento de Estructuras Bajo Cargas Producidas Por Explosiones Controladas]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Zacatecas, Zac., México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Unidad académica de Ingeniería I]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez Alvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sismos en México y ejercicios de emergencia]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CENAPRED]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Redmayne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mining induced seismicity in UK coalfields identified on the BGS National Seismograph Network]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>405-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Distinción de un Evento Sísmico: ¿Terremoto o Explosión Nuclear?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de la Escuela de Física]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>197-213</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Servicio Sismológico Nacional (SSN)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[¿Cómo se distingue una explosión de un sismo?]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Geofísica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siskind]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stagg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kopp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dowding]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Structure Response and Damage Produced by Ground Vibration From Surface Mine Blasting]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Report of Investigations 8507. Bureau of Mines]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[United States ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, I. d. G., Servicio Sismológico Nacional</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Catálogo de sismos]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valadez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Explosión en mina Capstone Gold provoca fuerte temblor en Zacatecas]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[La Jornada]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velázquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Comunicación personal sobre vibraciones percibidas en la colonia Pedro Ruiz González. Zacatecas, Zac. 16 de julio del 2020]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
