<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0065-1737</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta zoológica mexicana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Zool. Mex]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0065-1737</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Ecología A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0065-17372003000200004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Clave ilustrada para la identificación de los taxones supraespecíficos de Siphonaptera de México]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acosta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Roxana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morrone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mëxico Facultad de Ciencias Departamento de Biología Evolutiva]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México Distrito Federal]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2003</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2003</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>89</numero>
<fpage>39</fpage>
<lpage>53</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0065-17372003000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0065-17372003000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0065-17372003000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Las 138 especies y 47 géneros mexicanos de pulgas (Siphonaptera) pertenecen a las siguientes familias y subfamilias: Rhopalopsyllidae (Rhopalopsyllinae), Pulicidae (Tunginae y Pulicinae), Ceratophyllidae (Dactylopsyllinae y Ceratophyllinae), Ischnopsyllidae (Ischnopsyllinae), Leptopsyllidae (Leptopsyllinae), Hystrichopsyllidae (Stenoponiinae, Rhadinopsyllinae, Neopsyllinae, Anomiopsyllinae, Hystrichopsyllinae y Doratopsyllinae) y Ctenophthalmidae (Ctenophthalminae). Se presenta una clave ilustrada para identificar las familias, subfamilias, tribus y géneros mexicanos de pulgas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The 138 species and 47 Mexican flea genera (Siphonaptera) belong to the following families and subfamilies: Rhopalopsyllidae (Rhopalopsyllinae), Pulicidae (Tunginae and Pulicinae), Ceratophyllidae (Dactylopsyllinae and Ceratophyllinae), Ischnopsyllidae (Ischnopsyllinae), Leptopsyllidae (Leptopsyllinae), Hystrichopsyllidae (Stenoponiinae, Rhadinopsyllinae, Neopsyllinae, Anomiopsyllinae, Hystrichopsyllinae, and Doratopsyllinae), and Ctenophthalmidae (Ctenophthalminae). An illustrated key to identify Mexican families, subfamilies, tribes, and genera is presented.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Pulgas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[clave]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[taxonomía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Fleas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[keys]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[taxonomy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="Verdana" size="4">Art&iacute;culo</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="Verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Clave ilustrada para la identificaci&oacute;n de los taxones supraespec&iacute;ficos de Siphonaptera de M&eacute;xico</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="Verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Roxana Acosta y Juan J. Morrone</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="Verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>Museo de Zoolog&iacute;a, Departamento de Biolog&iacute;a Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM, Apdo. Postal 70&#45;399, 04510 M&eacute;xico D.F., M&Eacute;XICO.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="Verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido: 1 de marzo 2002    <br>Aceptado: 3 de octubre 2002</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="Verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Las 138 especies y 47 g&eacute;neros mexicanos de pulgas (Siphonaptera) pertenecen a las siguientes familias y subfamilias: Rhopalopsyllidae (Rhopalopsyllinae), Pulicidae (Tunginae y Pulicinae), Ceratophyllidae (Dactylopsyllinae y Ceratophyllinae), Ischnopsyllidae (Ischnopsyllinae), Leptopsyllidae (Leptopsyllinae), Hystrichopsyllidae (Stenoponiinae, Rhadinopsyllinae, Neopsyllinae, Anomiopsyllinae, Hystrichopsyllinae y Doratopsyllinae) y Ctenophthalmidae (Ctenophthalminae). Se presenta una clave ilustrada para identificar las familias, subfamilias, tribus y g&eacute;neros mexicanos de pulgas.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Palabras clave:</b> Pulgas, clave, taxonom&iacute;a, M&eacute;xico.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="Verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">The 138 species and 47 Mexican flea genera (Siphonaptera) belong to the following families and subfamilies: Rhopalopsyllidae (Rhopalopsyllinae), Pulicidae (Tunginae and Pulicinae), Ceratophyllidae (Dactylopsyllinae and Ceratophyllinae), Ischnopsyllidae (Ischnopsyllinae), Leptopsyllidae (Leptopsyllinae), Hystrichopsyllidae (Stenoponiinae, Rhadinopsyllinae, Neopsyllinae, Anomiopsyllinae, Hystrichopsyllinae, and Doratopsyllinae), and Ctenophthalmidae (Ctenophthalminae). An illustrated key to identify Mexican families, subfamilies, tribes, and genera is presented.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Key Words:</b> Fleas, keys, taxonomy, Mexico.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="Verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Introducci&oacute;n</b></font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Las pulgas (Siphonaptera) constituyen un interesante tax&oacute;n de insectos ectopar&aacute;sitos y hemat&oacute;fagos, que no solo ocasionan molestias a sus hu&eacute;spedes, sino que les transmiten diversos virus, bacterias, protistas y helmintos (Linardi &amp; Guimar&atilde;es 2000). B&aacute;sicamente, los Siphonaptera parasitan especies de mam&iacute;feros, siendo los roedores el grupo m&aacute;s atacado, y secundariamente especies de aves. Su biolog&iacute;a e importancia sanitaria hacen que el estudio de las pulgas posea particular relevancia.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Para M&eacute;xico, hasta la fecha se han registrado 138 especies y 47 g&eacute;neros de Siphonaptera (Morales &amp; Llorente 1986, Ponce &amp; Llorente 1996, Lewis 1998, Hastriter &amp; Mendez 2000, Morrone <i>et al.</i> 2000). De acuerdo con la clasificaci&oacute;n de Smit (1987), las pulgas mexicanas se asignan a tres superfamilias, siete familias y 14 subfamilias (<a href="#c1">Cuadro 1</a>).</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a name="c1"></a></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><img src="/img/revistas/azm/n89/a4c1.jpg"></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Nuestro objetivo es proporcionar una clave ilustrada actualizada destinada a identificar los taxones supraespec&iacute;ficos de Siphonaptera de M&eacute;xico. Para su elaboraci&oacute;n, tomamos en consideraci&oacute;n las claves de Barrera (1952), Hopkins &amp; Rothschild (1953, 1956, 1962, 1966, 1971), Johnson (1957), Stark (1958), Ponce (1991) y Linardi &amp; Guimar&atilde;es (2000). </font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><img src="/img/revistas/azm/n89/a4c2.jpg"></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><img src="/img/revistas/azm/n89/a4f1.jpg"></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><img src="/img/revistas/azm/n89/a4f2.jpg"></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><img src="/img/revistas/azm/n89/a4f3.jpg"></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><img src="/img/revistas/azm/n89/a4f4.jpg"></font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><img src="/img/revistas/azm/n89/a4f5.jpg"></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><img src="/img/revistas/azm/n89/a4f6.jpg"></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><img src="/img/revistas/azm/n89/a4f7.jpg"></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><img src="/img/revistas/azm/n89/a4f8.jpg"></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="Verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Agradecimientos</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Agradecemos los comentarios cr&iacute;ticos de Juan Bibiano Morales Malacara y el apoyo econ&oacute;mico del subsidio 36488 de CONACyT.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="Verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Literatura citada</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Barrera, A</b>. 1952. Sifon&aacute;pteros de la cuenca de M&eacute;xico. Tesis de Licenciatura. IPN, ENCB.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=310344&pid=S0065-1737200300020000400001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Hastriter, W. M. &amp; E. Mendez</b>. 2000. A review of the flea genera <i>Hectopsylla</i> Frauenfeld and <i>Rhynchopsyllus</i> Haller (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae). <i>Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash.</i>. 102(3): 613&#45;624.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=310346&pid=S0065-1737200300020000400002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Hopkins, G. H. &amp; M. Rothschild</b>. 1953. <i>An illustrated catalogue of the Rothschild collection of fleas (Siphonaptera) in the British Museum (Natural History) I. Tungidae and Pulicidae.</i> British Museum (N.H.): 360 pp.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=310348&pid=S0065-1737200300020000400003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;</b>. 1956. <i>An illustrated catalogue of the Rothschild collection of fleas (Siphonaptera) in the British Museum (Natural History) II</i>. <i>Coptopsyllidae, Vermipsyllidae, Stephanocircidae, Ischnopsyllidae, Hypsophthalmidae and Xiphiopsyllidae &#91;Macropsyllidae&#93;.</i> British Museum (N.H.): 445 pp.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=310350&pid=S0065-1737200300020000400004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;</b>. 1962. <i>An illustrated catalogue of the Rothschild collection of fleas (Siphonaptera) in the British Museum (Natural History) III</i>. <i>Hystrichopsyllidae (Acedestiinae, Anomiopsyllinae, Hystrichopsyllinae, Neopsyllinae, Rhadinopsyllinae and Stenoponiinae).</i> British Museum (N.H.): 560 pp.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=310352&pid=S0065-1737200300020000400005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;</b>. 1966. <i>An illustrated catalogue of the Rothschild collection of fleas (Siphonaptera) in the British Museum (Natural History) IV</i>. <i>Hystrichopsyllidae (Cetnophthalmidae, Dinopsyllinae, Doratopsyllinae and Listropsyllinae).</i> British Museum (N.H.): 549 pp.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=310354&pid=S0065-1737200300020000400006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;&#45;</b>. 1971. <i>An illustrated catalogue of the Rothschild collection of fleas (Siphonaptera) in the British Museum (Natural History) V</i>. <i>Leptopsyllidae and Ancistropsyllidae.</i> British Museum (N.H.): 530 pp.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=310356&pid=S0065-1737200300020000400007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Johnson, P. T</b>. 1957. A classification of the Siphonaptera of South America. <i>Mem. Ent. Soc. Wash.</i>5: 1&#45;299.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=310358&pid=S0065-1737200300020000400008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Lewis, R. E</b>. 1998. R&eacute;sum&eacute; of the Siphonaptera (Insecta) of the World. <i>J. Med. 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UNAM, Facultad de Ciencias. 116 pp.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=310368&pid=S0065-1737200300020000400013&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Ponce, H. E. &amp; J. Llorente</b>. 1996. Siphonaptera. <i>In:</i> Llorente, J., A. N. Garc&iacute;a &amp; E. Gonz&aacute;lez (eds.), <i>Biodiversidad, taxonom&iacute;a y biogeograf&iacute;a de artr&oacute;podos de M&eacute;xico: Hacia una s&iacute;ntesis de su conocimiento</i>, Instituto de Biolog&iacute;a&#45;UNAM, Conabio &amp; Facultad de Ciencias&#45;UNAM, Mexico, D.F., 553&#45;565 pp.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=310370&pid=S0065-1737200300020000400014&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Smit, F. G. A. M</b>. 1987. <i>An illustrated catalogue of the Rothschild collection of fleas (Siphonaptera) in the British Museum (N. H.). Vol. VII. 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<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sifonápteros de la cuenca de México]]></source>
<year>1952</year>
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<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hastriter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A review of the flea genera Hectopsylla Frauenfeld and Rhynchopsyllus Haller (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash..]]></source>
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