<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0041-8633</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Boletín mexicano de derecho comparado]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bol. Mex. Der. Comp.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0041-8633</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0041-86332024000300239</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/iij.24484873e.2024.171.19193</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El elemento subjetivo en la responsabilidad del superior por crímenes de derecho penal internacional]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The subjective element in the responsibility of the superior for crimes under international criminal law]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santander Vásquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yuri Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Academia de Humanismo Cristiano  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>171</numero>
<fpage>239</fpage>
<lpage>273</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0041-86332024000300239&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0041-86332024000300239&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0041-86332024000300239&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El artículo examina los elementos de los crímenes de derecho penal internacional, mediante el análisis dogmático y la revisión doctrinal y jurisprudencial, a partir de una breve revisión de su estructura general, para posteriormente profundizar en el elemento subjetivo y sus características para responsabilizar a los superiores, distinguiendo si corresponden &#8212;o no&#8212; a militares y civiles, y cómo se presenta en la ley especial chilena. La investigación se centra en determinar el contenido concreto de dicho elemento subjetivo, analizando su interpretación en la doctrina y jurisprudencia, así como los requisitos de conocimiento compartido entre superior y subordinado que demanda el principio de culpabilidad. Atendidas las particularidades del mens rea respecto de la responsabilidad de los superiores, se busca examinar, a la luz del principio de culpabilidad, si el elemento subjetivo se debe compartir entre el autor directo y el superior observando, además de la normativa internacional, la ley chilena, paradigmática debido a que es una particular norma local que describe un estatuto especial de responsabilidad del superior.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: The article examines the elements of international criminal law offenses, beginning with a brief overview of its structure and proceeding to a detailed analysis of the subjective element required for establishing superior responsibility. It distinguishes between military and civilian superiors and discusses how these concepts are applied in Chilean law through a dogmatic analysis and a review of doctrine and jurisprudence. The research aims to clarify the specific content of this subjective element, examining its interpretation in legal doctrine and case law, as well as the requirements for shared knowledge between superior and subordinate as demanded by the principle of culpability. Given the unique aspects of mens rea in the context of superior responsibility, the study explores whether, under the principle of culpability, the subjective element should be shared between the direct perpetrator and the superior. This examination considers not only international standards but also the distinct provisions of Chilean law, which offers a unique approach through a specific statute governing superior responsibility.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[crímenes internacionales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[responsabilidad de los superiores]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[derecho penal internacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[derechos humanos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estatuto de Roma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[international crimes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[responsibility of superiors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[international criminal law]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[human rights]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Rome Statute]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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