<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0036-3634</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Salud Pública de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Salud pública Méx]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0036-3634</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0036-36342021000300359</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21149/12158</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Nutritional status of iron, vitamin B12, vitamin A and anemia in Mexican children: results from the Ensanut 2018-19]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Estado de nutrición de hierro, vitamina B12, vitamina A y anemia en niños mexicanos: resultados de la Ensanut 2018-19]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz-Góngora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vanessa De la]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martinez-Tapia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Brenda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shamah-Levy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Teresa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villalpando]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Salvador]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública Centro de Investigación en Evaluación y Encuestas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cuernavaca Morelos]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública Centro de Investigación en Salud y Nutrición ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cuernavaca Morelos]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>63</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>359</fpage>
<lpage>370</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0036-36342021000300359&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0036-36342021000300359&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0036-36342021000300359&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Objective:  To describe the current status of micronutrient deficiencies (MD) and anemia in Mexican children.  Materials and methods:  Serum data from 1 382 pre-school-age children (1-4 years) and 3 590 school-age children (5-11 years) Ensanut 2018-19 participants were analyzed. Iron deficiency (ID), vitamin B12 deficiency (B12D), vitamin A depletion (VADp), and anemia were identified. Logistic regression models were used to identify associations between sociodemographic characteristics of children and MD.  Results:  Anemia was present in 28.9 and 19.2% of the children aged 1-4 and 5-11, respectively; in ID 10 and 5.1%; B12D, in 5.1 and 4.8%, and VADp, in 4.7 and 4.3%. 18.5% of the preschool-age children and 13% of the school-age children had at least one MD associated to anemia.  Conclusions:  MD and anemia affect the younger children in larger proportion. Fortification and supplementation programs should be reinforced to avoid the long-term consequences of MD.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objetivo:  Describir la situación actual de deficiencias de micronutrimentos (DM) y anemia en niños mexicanos.  Material y métodos:  Se analizó información sérica de 1 382 niños de 1-4 años y de 3 590 niños de 5-11 años participantes de la Ensanut 2018-19. Se categorizó la deficiencia de hierro (DH), B12 (DB12), depleción de vitamina A (DepVA) y anemia. Se emplearon modelos de regresión logística para identificar las características asociadas con la DM.  Resultados:  La anemia afectó al 28.9 y 19.2%, DH al 10 y 5.1%, DB12 al 5.1y 4.8% y DepVA al 4.7 y 4.3% de los niños preescolares y escolares respectivamente. El 18.5 y 13% de los niños tuvo al menos una DM asociada con anemia.  Conclusiones:  Los niños más jóvenes tuvieron las prevalencias más altas de DM y anemia. Es necesario el refuerzo en los programas de fortificación y suplementación para evitar las consecuencias a largo plazo asociadas con las DM.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[iron]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[B12]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[retinol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[anemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[micronutrient deficien cies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexican children]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hierro]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[vitamina B12]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[retinol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[anemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[deficiencia de micronutrimentos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[niños mexicanos]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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