<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0036-3634</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Salud Pública de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Salud pública Méx]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0036-3634</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0036-36342017000500583</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21149/7816</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Análisis de la eficiencia del gasto sanitario de los países de América Latina y el Caribe]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Analysis of health expenditure efficiency in countries of Latin America and the Caribbean]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Melgen-Bello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lety]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Prieto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carmen]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Investigación Social para el Desarrollo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Santiago]]></addr-line>
<country>República Dominicana</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Valladolid Departamento de Fundamentos del Análisis Económico ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Valladolid]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>59</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<fpage>583</fpage>
<lpage>591</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0036-36342017000500583&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0036-36342017000500583&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0036-36342017000500583&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Objetivo:  Comparar los niveles de eficiencia del gasto sanitario para 25 países de América Latina y el Caribe.  Material y métodos:  Aplicando la metodología del análisis de frontera estocástica se estiman los índices de eficiencia de los países, utilizando datos de los años 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 y 2012. Se consideran dos variables alternativas de resultado de salud, la esperanza de vida y la mortalidad infantil. Para este último caso, se analizan los determinantes de la ineficiencia.  Resultados:  La media del nivel de eficiencia de la región considerando la esperanza de vida es mayor que al utilizar la mortalidad infantil.  Conclusiones: Los resultados sugieren que los países aún pueden mejorar el uso de los recursos y que orientar una política de gasto hacia programas de inmunización y que garantice que los partos sean atendidos por un personal capacitado es una manera eficiente de salvar la vida de los neonatos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Objective:  To compare the efficiency levels of health expenditure in 25 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean.  Materials and methods:  The methodology of stochastic frontier analysis was applied to estimate the efficiency scores of the countries, using data from years 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2012. Two output variables were considered, life expectancy at birth and infant mortality. In the latter case, determinants of inefficiency were analyzed.  Results:  The average efficiency level of the region using life expectancy is higher than when using infant mortality.  Conclusions:  Results suggest that countries can still improve the use of resources. Guiding the expenditure policy towards immunization programs and ensuring births take place in the presence of trained staff are efficient ways to save neonates.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[evaluación de resultado (atención de salud)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[eficiencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[asignación de recursos para la atención de salud]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[América Latina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[outcome assessment (health care)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[efficiency]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[health care rationing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Latin America]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Organización Mundial de la Salud</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Informe sobre la Salud en el mundo. La Financiación de los Sistemas de Salud: El camino hacia la Cobertura Universal]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ginebra ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OMS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Organización Mundial de la Salud</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Informe sobre la Salud en el mundo. Mejorar el Desempeño de los Sistemas de Salud]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ginebra ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OMS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The efficiency of health production: re-estimating the WHO panel data using parametric and non-parametric approaches to provide additional information]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hollingsworth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wildman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Health Econ]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>493-504</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Distinguishing between heterogeneity and inefficiency: stochastic frontier analysis of the World Health Organization&#8217;s panel data on national health care systems]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greene]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Health Econ]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>959-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efficiency and productivity of world health systems: where does your country stand?]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kumbhakar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Appl Econ]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<page-range>1641-59</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Measuring health production performance in the OECD]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puig-Junoy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Appl Econ Lett]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>255-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cross-country comparisons of technical efficiency of health production: a demonstration of pitfalls.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spinks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hollingsworth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Appl Econ]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<page-range>417-27</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grigoli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kapsoli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Waste not, want not: the efficiency of health expenditure in emerging and developing economies]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, DC ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[International Monetary Fund]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Efficiency of public spending in developing countries: an efficiency frontier approach]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[DC:The World Bank]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Machado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[¿Gastar más o gastar mejor?: La eficiencia del gasto público en América Central y República Dominicana]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, DC ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[BID]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[St Aubyn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Government spending efficiency in latin america: a frontier approach. Working Papers N° 2014/09]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Caracas ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Development Bank of Latin America]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Technical efficiency in the use of health care resources: a comparison of OECD countries]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Retzlaff-Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rubin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Health Policy]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>55-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Measurement of Productive Efficiency]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farrell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J R Stat Soc Ser A]]></source>
<year>1957</year>
<volume>120</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>253-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A model for technical inefficiency effects in a stochastic frontier production function for panel data]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Battese]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Empir Econ]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>325-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<source><![CDATA[Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Salud en las Américas: edición de 2012. Panorama regional y perfiles de país]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, DC ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OPS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>OMS, UNICEF, Banco Mundial</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Vacunas e inmunización: situación mundial]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<edition>3</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ginebra ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OMS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Every Newborn: progress, priorities, and potential beyond survival]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lawn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blencowe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[You]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waiswa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>384</volume>
<numero>9938</numero>
<issue>9938</issue>
<page-range>189-205</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
