<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-0052</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de pediatría]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. pediatr.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-0052</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Pediatría A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-00522022000400165</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35366/109593</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Hiperactividad simpática paroxística en tres pacientes con lesión cerebral atendidos en terapia intensiva]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in three patients with brain injury who required intensive care]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garza-Alatorre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Arturo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Verónica]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Félix-Ramos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gerardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cabrera-Antonio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yanyn Ameyali]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Maytorena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario &#8220;Dr. José Eleuterio González&#8221; Unidad de Medicina Crítica Pediátrica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Monterrey Nuevo León]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario &#8220;Dr. José Eleuterio González&#8221; Unidad de Medicina Crítica Pediátrica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Monterrey Nuevo León]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario &#8220;Dr. José Eleuterio González&#8221; Unidad de Medicina Crítica Pediátrica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Monterrey Nuevo León]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>89</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>165</fpage>
<lpage>169</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-00522022000400165&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-00522022000400165&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-00522022000400165&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Introducción:  la hiperactividad simpática paroxística (HSP) es una complicación que consiste en un incremento de la actividad simpática, la cual se presenta entre 10 y 30% de los pacientes atendidos en terapia intensiva por lesión cerebral. El objetivo de este artículo es describir la evolución de tres niños mexicanos que desarrollaron HSP.  Presentación de los casos:  los tres pacientes eran menores de cinco años que, tras la fase aguda de un evento neurológico grave, desarrollaron síntomas cardiovasculares (taquicardia, hipertensión y fiebre) y distonía. Al descartarse otras entidades, se integró el diagnóstico de HSP. El manejo consistió en agentes antihipertensivos y relajantes musculares, pero se requirió de varias semanas para lograr mejoría.  Conclusión:  la HSP es una complicación que prolonga la evolución y recuperación de pacientes que tienen lesión cerebral y se encuentran en estado crítico. Su identificación resulta importante para su manejo oportuno.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Introduction:  paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is a complication that consists of increased sympathetic activity, which occurs in 10 to 30% of patients treated in intensive care for brain injury. In this paper, we describe the clinical course of three Mexican children who developed PSH.  Case presentation:  three patients younger than five years-old who, after the acute phase of a serious neurological event, developed cardiovascular symptoms (tachycardia, hypertension and fever) and dystonia. When other entities were excluded, the diagnosis of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity was integrated. By ruling out other entities, the diagnosis of PSH was integrated. Management consisted of antihypertensive agents and muscle relaxants, but several weeks were required to achieve improvement.  Conclusion:  PSH is a complication that delays the evolution and recovery of patients who have brain injury and are in critical condition. Its identification is important for its timely management.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hiperactividad simpática paroxística]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[disautonomía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[trauma de cráneo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[niños]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[dysautonomia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[brain trauma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[children]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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