<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-0052</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de pediatría]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. pediatr.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-0052</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Pediatría A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-00522019000300119</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Encefalitis aguda como complicación de varicela en niño]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Acute encephalitis as a complication of varicella in a child]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liborio-Neto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adail Orrith]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Federal de Río de Janeiro Campus Macaé  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Macaé Río de Janeiro]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>86</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>119</fpage>
<lpage>122</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-00522019000300119&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-00522019000300119&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-00522019000300119&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Introducción:  La varicela es una enfermedad altamente contagiosa causada por el virus varicela zóster y está difundida mundialmente. A pesar de la percepción de que se trata de una enfermedad pediátrica benigna, se esperan complicaciones en alrededor de 2 a 5%. La implicación neurológica puede variar de meningitis aséptica a encefalitis. Los virus son los agentes infecciosos más comunes asociados con la encefalitis aguda, de los cuales el 22% ocurre debido a varicela.  Objetivo:  Informar el caso de varicela en un paciente de siete años que desarrolló un cuadro de encefalitis aguda.  Descripción del caso:  Paciente admitido en urgencias por historia de lesiones de piel vesicular-pápulo-costrosas en cara, tronco y miembros. Tres días después, el paciente evolucionó con postración, alteración del estado de alerta, somnolencia y vómito. La terapia establecida fue con aciclovir endovenoso, con lo cual mejoraron los síntomas neurológicos y las lesiones de piel.  Conclusiones:  Todo paciente con varicela debe ser evaluado cuidadosamente en búsqueda de posibles complicaciones, incluyendo las neurológicas para que, en su caso, sea detectado a tiempo y ofrecer tratamiento específico y evitar mayor daño.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Introduction:  Varicella o chickenpox is a highly contagious disease. Varicella is spread worldwide and is caused by the varicella zoster virus. Despite the perception that it is a benign pediatric disease, complications are expected in about 2 to 5%. The neurological involvement may vary from aseptic meningitis to encephalitis. Viruses are the most common infectious agents associated with acute encephalitis, of which 22% occur due to chickenpox.  Objective:  To report a varicella case of a seven-year-old male patient who developed acute encephalitis.  Case description:  A seven-year-old patient admitted to the emergency department due to a history of vesicular-papule-crusted skin lesions on the face, trunk and limbs. Three days later, the patient evolved with prostration, altered alertness, drowsiness and vomiting. The established therapy was with intravenous acyclovir, resulting in improvement of neurological symptoms and skin lesions.  Conclusions:  Every patient with chickenpox should be carefully evaluated for possible complications, including the neurologicals. Where appropriate, timely detection will help to offer specific treatment to avoid further damage.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Varicela]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[encefalitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[niño]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[virus varicela-zóster]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Varicella]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[encephalitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[child]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[varicella-zoster virus]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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