<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-001X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fis.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-001X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-001X2010000400008</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Universal testing machine for mechanical properties of thin materials]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huerta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Avilés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Mérida Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Departamento de Física Aplicada]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mérida Yucatán]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C. Unidad de Materiales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mérida Yucatán]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, S.C.  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Chihuahua Chihuahua]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>56</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>317</fpage>
<lpage>322</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-001X2010000400008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-001X2010000400008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-001X2010000400008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[In this work, the design, construction, calibration and compliance measurement of a universal testing machine for tension tests of materials in film geometry are presented. A commercial load cell of 220 N and sensitivity of 1.2345 mV/V is used to measure the applied load. Material strain is measured by movement of the crosshead displacement of the machine with a digital indicator with 0.001 mm resolution and 25 mm maximum displacement, connected to a PC through an interface. Mechanical strain is achieved by an electric high precision stepper motor capable to obtain displacement velocities as low as 0.001 mm/s. The stress-strain data acquired with a GPIB interface are saved as a file with a home-made program developed in LabView 7.0. Measurements of the elastic modulus and yield point of a commercial polymer film (500 HN Kapton) were used to validate the performance of the testing machine. The obtained mechanical properties are in good agreement with the mean values reported by the supplier and with the values obtained from a commercial machine, taking into account the limitations of thin film testing and experimental conditions.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En este trabajo se discute el diseño, la construcción, la calibración y la medición de la complianza de una máquina universal para pruebas de tensión de materiales en geometría de película. La carga aplicada es medida con una celda de carga comercial de 220 N y sensitividad de 1.2345 mV/V. La elongación de la muestra es medida a través del desplazamiento del cabezal de la máquina con un indicador de carátula digital con resolución de 0.001 mm y desplazamiento máximo de 25 mm, conectada a una PC a través de una interfase de puerto serial. La deformación mecánica es conseguida con un motor a pasos de alta precisión capaz de conseguir velocidades tan bajas como 0.001 mm/s. Los datos adquiridos a través de una interfase GPIB en tiempo real son guardados en un archivo usando un programa de diseño propio desarrollado en LabView 7.0. El módulo de elasticidad y el punto de fluencia medidos en una película polimerica comercial (Kapton 500 HN) fueron utilizados para evaluar el desempeño de la máquina construida. Los valores de las propiedades mecánicas obtenidas muestran buen acuerdo con los valores reportados por el proveedor y con los resultados obtenidos con una máquina comercial, considerando la geometría de capa delgada.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Universal testing machine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[elastic modulus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[thin films]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[compliance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Máquina universal de pruebas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[módulo de elasticidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[capas delgadas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[complianza]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Investigaci&oacute;n</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Universal testing machine for mechanical properties of thin materials</b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>E. Huerta&ordf;*, J.E. Corona&ordf;, and A.I. Oliva&ordf;, F. Avil&eacute;s<sup>b</sup> and J. Gonz&aacute;lez&#150;Hern&aacute;ndez<sup>c</sup></b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>&ordf; Centro de Investigaci&oacute;n y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Polit&eacute;cnico Nacional, Unidad M&eacute;rida, Departamento de F&iacute;sica Aplicada, Apartado Postal 73&#150;Cordemex, 97310 M&eacute;rida Yucat&aacute;n, M&eacute;xico, *Doctoral student at CIMAV&#150;Chihuahua, Mexico. E&#150;mail: </i><a href="mailto:microsco@mda.cinvestav.mx">microsco@mda.cinvestav.mx</a> </font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>b</sup> Centro de Investigaci&oacute;n Cient&iacute;fica de Yucat&aacute;n A.C., Unidad de Materiales, Calle 43 No. 130 Col. Chuburna de Hidalgo, 97200, M&eacute;rida Yucat&aacute;n M&eacute;xico.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>c</sup> Centro de Investigaci&oacute;n en Materiales Avanzados, S.C., Av. Miguel de Cervantes 120 Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, 31109 Chihuahua, Chihuahua, M&eacute;xico.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 26 de marzo de 2010    <br> Aceptado el 8 de junio de 2010</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">In this work, the design, construction, calibration and compliance measurement of a universal testing machine for tension tests of materials in film geometry are presented. A commercial load cell of 220 N and sensitivity of 1.2345 mV/V is used to measure the applied load. Material strain is measured by movement of the crosshead displacement of the machine with a digital indicator with 0.001 mm resolution and 25 mm maximum displacement, connected to a PC through an interface. Mechanical strain is achieved by an electric high precision stepper motor capable to obtain displacement velocities as low as 0.001 mm/s. The stress&#150;strain data acquired with a GPIB interface are saved as a file with a home&#150;made program developed in LabView 7.0. Measurements of the elastic modulus and yield point of a commercial polymer film (500 HN Kapton) were used to validate the performance of the testing machine. The obtained mechanical properties are in good agreement with the mean values reported by the supplier and with the values obtained from a commercial machine, taking into account the limitations of thin film testing and experimental conditions.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords: </b>Universal testing machine; elastic modulus; thin films; compliance.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">En este trabajo se discute el dise&ntilde;o, la construcci&oacute;n, la calibraci&oacute;n y la medici&oacute;n de la complianza de una m&aacute;quina universal para pruebas de tensi&oacute;n de materiales en geometr&iacute;a de pel&iacute;cula. La carga aplicada es medida con una celda de carga comercial de 220 N y sensitividad de 1.2345 mV/V. La elongaci&oacute;n de la muestra es medida a trav&eacute;s del desplazamiento del cabezal de la m&aacute;quina con un indicador de car&aacute;tula digital con resoluci&oacute;n de 0.001 mm y desplazamiento m&aacute;ximo de 25 mm, conectada a una PC a trav&eacute;s de una interfase de puerto serial. La deformaci&oacute;n mec&aacute;nica es conseguida con un motor a pasos de alta precisi&oacute;n capaz de conseguir velocidades tan bajas como 0.001 mm/s. Los datos adquiridos a trav&eacute;s de una interfase GPIB en tiempo real son guardados en un archivo usando un programa de dise&ntilde;o propio desarrollado en LabView 7.0. El m&oacute;dulo de elasticidad y el punto de fluencia medidos en una pel&iacute;cula polimerica comercial (Kapton 500 HN) fueron utilizados para evaluar el desempe&ntilde;o de la m&aacute;quina construida. Los valores de las propiedades mec&aacute;nicas obtenidas muestran buen acuerdo con los valores reportados por el proveedor y con los resultados obtenidos con una m&aacute;quina comercial, considerando la geometr&iacute;a de capa delgada.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Descriptores: </b>M&aacute;quina universal de pruebas; m&oacute;dulo de elasticidad; capas delgadas; complianza. </font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 07.10.Pz; 62.20.de; 81.05.Bx; 81.70.Bt</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmf/v56n4/v56n4a8.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO EN PDF</a> </font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Acknowledgements</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Authors recognize the technical assistance of Gaspar Euan and Oswaldo Gomez. This work was financially supported by CONACYT &#150; Mexico through project F1&#150;54173.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>References</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. C.T. Huang. C.L. Shen, C.F. Tang, and S.H. Chang, <i>Sensors &amp; Actuators A </i><b>141 </b>(2008) 396.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8362526&pid=S0035-001X201000040000800001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">2. S.A. Wilson, R.P.J. Jourdain, and Q. Zhang, <i>Mat. Sci. Eng. 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