R. Ramirez Lealª, H. Esparza Ponceb, and A. Duarte Mollerc
ª Centro de Estudios Superiores del Estado de Sonora Ley Federal del Trabajo Final s/n, Col. Apolo, 83100 Hermosillo, Sonora, México.
b Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados S. C. Miguel de Chihuahua # 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, 31109 Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México.
c Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, s/n. Hermosillo, Son. 83000, México.
Recibido el 2 de marzo de 2006
Aceptado el 18 de agosto de 2006
Abstract
Physical and chemical characterization of inorganic atmospheric particle samples collected on TSP and PM10 filters from January 2003 through December 2005 from three zones within the city of Hermosillo, Sonora; using Transmission Electron Microscopy, Scanning combined with EDS and Stanford University's Synchrotron X-Ray. The sample preparation for electron microscopy was deposited as an alcohol suspension using a sample holder. The different elements found amongst individual particles were Al, Ba, Bi, Br, Ca, Ce, Cl, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, La, Mn, Mg, Na, P, Pb, S, Si, Ti, U, V, W, Zn and Zr. These particles' morphology and chemical composition, illustrate an abundance of natural elements within the zone. However some of the elements present are directly related with human activities, and are of much interest from the public health and environmental perspectives.
Keywords: SEM; TEM; XAS.
Resumen
El trabajo se enfoca a la caracterización física y química de las partículas atmosféricas inorgánicas presentes en los filtros de los muestreadores de alto volumen de las Partículas Suspendidas Totales ( PST ) y Partículas Menores a 10 micras (PM10), ubicadas en tres zonas de la ciudad de Hermosillo, Sonora, durante el período de enero 2003 a diciembre de el 2005; a través del empleo de las técnicas de Microscopia Electrónica de Transmisión, de Barrido, equipados con EDS, y del Sincrotrón de la Universidad de Stanford; se adecuó la metodología para la preparación de las muestras a analizar por medio de la microscopia electrónica, permitiéndonos el análisis de una mayor cantidad de muestras en un menor tiempo; en donde los elementos encontrados en las partículas individuales han sido el Al, Ba, Bi, Br, Ca, Ce, Cl, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, La, Mn, Mg, Na, P, Pb S, Si, Ti, U, V, W, Y, Zn y Zr; cuya morfología y composicion química de las partículas, nos señalan una importante aportación de los elementos naturales ubicados en la zona, pero con una incidencia de los elementos de origen antropogénico que son de interés desde el punto de vista ambiental, como de salud pública.
Descriptores: SET; TEM; aire.
PACS: 92.60.Sz
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