<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-001X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fis.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-001X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-001X2007000300001</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Obtención de una microestructura nueva en la aleación Zn - 40 %at. Al - 1. 5 %at. Cu]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aragón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miranda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García - Bórquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Área de Ciencia de Materiales  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Univ. Autónoma Metropolitana Depto. de Electrónica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ D.F.]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,ESFM - IPN Depto. de Ciencia de Materiales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México D. F.]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>149</fpage>
<lpage>158</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-001X2007000300001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-001X2007000300001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-001X2007000300001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En una investigación previa se encontraron unas cuantas partículas aciculares en la microestructura de la aleación Zn - 40 %at. Al - 1.5 %at. Cu, al ser mantenida a los 376°C y enfriada posteriormente en el horno. Los objetivos del presente trabajo consisten en establecer el tiempo óptimo de tratamiento que permita obtener una microestructura con dicho microconstituyente en mayor cantidad y uniformemente distribuido, realizar la caracterización básica mecánica relativa y por difracción de rayos X durante su formación, y microanálisis con EDS de los componentes de la microestrucura finalmente obtenida en la aleacion Zn - 40%at. Al - 1.5 %at. Cu. Una placa de esta aleación con estructura de colada fue laminada en varios pasos para destruir facilmente su estructura con los tratamientos térmicos posteriores. Laminitas de esta liga fueron tratadas a distintos tiempos a las temperaturas de 359, 376 y 380°C y se enfriaron después lentamente en el horno. Las microestructuras de laminación y las logradas con los tratamientos fueron analizadas y se establecieron sus durezas Rockwell 15T y las microdurezas Vickers de sus componentes. Se estableció que la microestructura de interés se obtiene con un tratamiento de 50 horas a los 376°C, y es nueva porque uno de sus componentes, el acicular, tiene una distribución, forma, tamaño, cantidad y tipo distintos a los de cualquier integrante de las microestructuras de la aleación tratada a distintos tiempos a los 359 y 380°C. En la microestructura nueva, el componente acicular incrementa la dureza de la mayoría de componentes que lo embeben y es de fase &#946; de alta temperatura. La temperatura de 376°C disminuye el ablandamiento relativo, que es ocasionado normalmente por el incremento del tiempo a temperatura constante en los metales previamente laminados, y produce una microestructura terminal mas dura.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[In a previous investigation, some acicular particles were found in the microstructure of Zn - 40%at. Al - 1.5 %at. Cu alloy, when it is maintained at 376°C and later cooled in the furnace. The aims of the present work are to establish the optimal treatment time to obtaining a microstructure with such micro - constituent in a high quantity and uniformly distributed, to realize relative mechanical basic characterization and by X - rays diffraction during its formation, and EDS microanalysis in integrants of the microstructure finally obtained in Zn - 40%at. Al - 1.5 %at. Cu alloy. A plate of this alloy in as - cast condition was rolled in several steps for eliminate more easily its structure with heat treatments applied later. Little sheets of this alloy were maintained different times at 359, 376 and 380°C, and they were cooled off later in the furnace. The microstructures produced were analysed and photographed, and their Rockwell 15T hardness and Vickers micro-hardnesses in their components settled down. It was established that wished microstructure is obtained with the thermal treatment by 50 hours at 376°C. It is a new microstructure because one of its component, the acicular integrant, has a distribution, size, form, quantity and type that are different to those of any integrant of microstuctures of alloy treated different times at 359 and 380°C. The acicular integrant increases the hardness of most components imbibed it, and it is the high - temperature /3 phase. The treatment at 376°C diminishes the relative softening that is normally caused by the increase of treatment time at constant temperature in metals previously rolled, and produce an alloy that is slightly more hard.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Microestructura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[aleaciones Zn - Al - Cu]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tratamientos térmicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Microstructure]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Zn - Al - Cu alloy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[thermal treatments]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Investigaci&oacute;n</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Obtenci&oacute;n de una microestructura nueva en la aleaci&oacute;n Zn &#150; 40 %at. Al &#150; 1. 5 %at. Cu</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>J.A. Arag&oacute;n&ordf;, J.R. Miranda<sup>b</sup> y A. Garc&iacute;a &#150; B&oacute;rquez<sup>c</sup></b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i> &ordf; &Aacute;rea de Ciencia de Materiales, </i>e&#150;mail: <a href="mailto:alja@correo.azc.uam.mx">alja@correo.azc.uam.mx</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>b </sup>Depto. de Electr&oacute;nica: Univ. Aut&oacute;noma Metropolitana, Unidad Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo N180, Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas, 02200 M&eacute;xico, D.F</i>. e&#150;mail: <a href="mailto:jrmt@correo.azc.uam.mx">jrmt@correo.azc.uam.mx</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>c</sup> Depto. de Ciencia de Materiales: ESFM &#150; IPN: Edif. 9 Zacatenco, 07738, M&eacute;xico, D. F. </i>e&#150;mail: <a href="mailto:borquez@esfm.ipn.mx">borquez@esfm.ipn.mx</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 18 de noviembre de 2005    <br>   Aceptado el 4 de mayo de 2007</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">En una investigaci&oacute;n previa se encontraron unas cuantas part&iacute;culas aciculares en la microestructura de la aleaci&oacute;n Zn &#150; 40 %at. Al &#150; 1.5 %at. Cu, al ser mantenida a los 376&deg;C y enfriada posteriormente en el horno. Los objetivos del presente trabajo consisten en establecer el tiempo &oacute;ptimo de tratamiento que permita obtener una microestructura con dicho microconstituyente en mayor cantidad y uniformemente distribuido, realizar la caracterizaci&oacute;n b&aacute;sica mec&aacute;nica relativa y por difracci&oacute;n de rayos X durante su formaci&oacute;n, y microan&aacute;lisis con EDS de los componentes de la microestrucura finalmente obtenida en la aleacion Zn &#150; 40%at. Al &#150; 1.5 %at. Cu. Una placa de esta aleaci&oacute;n con estructura de colada fue laminada en varios pasos para destruir facilmente su estructura con los tratamientos t&eacute;rmicos posteriores. Laminitas de esta liga fueron tratadas a distintos tiempos a las temperaturas de 359, 376 y 380&deg;C y se enfriaron despu&eacute;s lentamente en el horno. Las microestructuras de laminaci&oacute;n y las logradas con los tratamientos fueron analizadas y se establecieron sus durezas Rockwell 15T y las microdurezas Vickers de sus componentes. Se estableci&oacute; que la microestructura de inter&eacute;s se obtiene con un tratamiento de 50 horas a los 376&deg;C, y es nueva porque uno de sus componentes, el acicular, tiene una distribuci&oacute;n, forma, tama&ntilde;o, cantidad y tipo distintos a los de cualquier integrante de las microestructuras de la aleaci&oacute;n tratada a distintos tiempos a los 359 y 380&deg;C. En la microestructura nueva, el componente acicular incrementa la dureza de la mayor&iacute;a de componentes que lo embeben y es de fase <i>&beta;</i> de alta temperatura. La temperatura de 376&deg;C disminuye el ablandamiento relativo, que es ocasionado normalmente por el incremento del tiempo a temperatura constante en los metales previamente laminados, y produce una microestructura terminal mas dura.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Descriptores: </b>Microestructura; aleaciones Zn &#150; Al &#150; Cu; tratamientos t&eacute;rmicos.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">In a previous investigation, some acicular particles were found in the microstructure of Zn &#150; 40%at. Al &#150; 1.5 %at. Cu alloy, when it is maintained at 376&deg;C and later cooled in the furnace. The aims of the present work are to establish the optimal treatment time to obtaining a microstructure with such micro &#150; constituent in a high quantity and uniformly distributed, to realize relative mechanical basic characterization and by X &#150; rays diffraction during its formation, and EDS microanalysis in integrants of the microstructure finally obtained in Zn &#150; 40%at. Al &#150; 1.5 %at. Cu alloy. A plate of this alloy in as &#150; cast condition was rolled in several steps for eliminate more easily its structure with heat treatments applied later. Little sheets of this alloy were maintained different times at 359, 376 and 380&deg;C, and they were cooled off later in the furnace. The microstructures produced were analysed and photographed, and their Rockwell 15T hardness and Vickers micro&#150;hardnesses in their components settled down. It was established that wished microstructure is obtained with the thermal treatment by 50 hours at 376&deg;C. It is a new microstructure because one of its component, the acicular integrant, has a distribution, size, form, quantity and type that are different to those of any integrant of microstuctures of alloy treated different times at 359 and 380&deg;C. The acicular integrant increases the hardness of most components imbibed it, and it is the high &#150; temperature /3 phase. The treatment at 376&deg;C diminishes the relative softening that is normally caused by the increase of treatment time at constant temperature in metals previously rolled, and produce an alloy that is slightly more hard.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords: </b>Microstructure; Zn &#150; Al &#150; Cu alloy; thermal treatments. </font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 81.40.Gh; 64.70.Kb; 82.80.Ej; 61.20.Lc</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmf/v53n3/v53n3a1.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Agradecimientos</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Se agradece al Dr. Gabriel Torres Villase&ntilde;or, Investigador del IIM de la UNAM en M&eacute;xico, la donaci&oacute;n del lingote de la aleaci&oacute;n empleada en este trabajo y las facilidades otorgadas para el uso de la laminadora FENN. Tambi&eacute;n, a la Ing. Liz Georgina Flores, del &aacute;rea de Ciencia de Materiales de la UAM &#150; Azc., la obtenci&oacute;n de los difractogramas de rayos X. Por &uacute;ltimo, a la I.Q. Eva Rub&iacute; Garc&iacute;a, del &aacute;rea de Qu&iacute;mica de Materiales de la UAM &#150; Azc., la realizaci&oacute;n de los microan&aacute;lisis con EDS, y a la Dra. Marisela Mauver, profesora &#150; investigadora de la misma &aacute;rea, la autorizaci&oacute;n para la realizaci&oacute;n de los microan&aacute;lisis.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Referencias</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. E.J. 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<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Advanced Materials & Process]]></article-title>
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