<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-001X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fis.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-001X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-001X2006000700019</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Nuclear astrophysics studies with 4<img src="../../../../../img/revistas/rmf/v52s1/a19s1.jpg"> BaF2 calorimeters]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kappeler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plag]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Institut für Kernphysik Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Germany</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>52</volume>
<fpage>106</fpage>
<lpage>111</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-001X2006000700019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-001X2006000700019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-001X2006000700019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The origin of the chemical elements in nucleosynthesis processes in stars and stellar explosions has been intensely investigated after these concepts were formulated in 1957 by Burbidge et al. [1]. It turned out that the abundances produced by the slow neutron capture process (s process) in the He burning zones of Red Giant stars, which contributes about half of the isotopic abundances in the mass region between Fe and Bi, could be quantitatively described on the basis of laboratory measurements. For obtaining the required accuracy, a 4<img src="../../../../../img/revistas/rmf/v52s1/a19s2.jpg">BaF2 array was developed and extensively used at Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe for measuring neutron capture cross sections in the relevant neutron energy range from 3 keV to 220 keV. Meanwhile, similar arrays have been built in Los Alamos and at CERN, and are now starting to produce data over wider neutron energy intervals. Recently it has been shown that such detector arrays are also perfectly suited for measuring stellar cross sections of charged particle induced reactions. The performance of these detectors is illustrated at the example of recent measurements followed by a discussion of possible future applications.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[El origen de los elementos químicos en procesos de nucleosíntesis en estrellas y explosiones estelares ha sido investigado ampliamente desde que fueron formulados en 1957 por Burbidge et al. [1]. Resulta que la abundancia producida por el proceso de captura de neutrones lentos (proceso s) en las zonas de quemado de He en las estrellas rojas gigantes, las cuales contribuyen aproximadamente con la mitad de las abundancias isotópicas en la región con masas entre Fe y Bi, puede ser descrita de forma cuantitativa con base en los experimentos de laboratorio. Para obtener la exactitud requerida, se desarrolló un arreglo de BaF2 de 4<img src="../../../../../img/revistas/rmf/v52s1/a19s2.jpg">, el cual ha sido usado en Centro de Karlsruhe para medir la sección eficaz de captura de neutrones en el rango energético del neutrón de 3 KeV a 220 keV. De igual forma se han construido arreglos en Los Alamos y en el CERN, por lo que ahora se están obteniendo datos en intervalos de energía del neutrón muy amplios. Recientemente se ha mostrado que los detectores mencionados son también muy adecuados para medir la sección eficaz estelar de reacción inducida por partículas cargadas. Se presentan las medidas más recientes como un ejemplo que ilustra el desempeño de esos detectores y se discute las aplicaciones futuras posibles.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Stellar nucleosynthesis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[s-process]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[neutron capture]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gamma calorimeter]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[charged particle reactions]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Nucleosíntesis estelar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[proceso s]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[captura neutrónica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[calorímetro gama]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reacciones con partículas cargadas]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Nuclear astrophysics studies with <i>4</i></b><img src="/img/revistas/rmf/v52s1/a19s1.jpg"><b> BaF</b><sub>2</sub><b> calorimeters</b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>F. Kappeler, M. Heil, and R. Plag</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institut f&uuml;r Kernphysik, P.O. Box 3640, D&#150;76021 Karlsruhe, Germany</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 23 de enero de 2005    <br>   Aceptado el 4 de marzo de 2005</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">The origin of the chemical elements in nucleosynthesis processes in stars and stellar explosions has been intensely investigated after these concepts were formulated in 1957 by Burbidge <i>et al. </i>&#91;1&#93;. It turned out that the abundances produced by the slow neutron capture process <i>(s </i>process) in the He burning zones of Red Giant stars, which contributes about half of the isotopic abundances in the mass region between Fe and Bi, could be quantitatively described on the basis of laboratory measurements. For obtaining the required accuracy, a 4<img src="/img/revistas/rmf/v52s1/a19s2.jpg">BaF2 array was developed and extensively used at Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe for measuring neutron capture cross sections in the relevant neutron energy range from 3 keV to 220 keV. Meanwhile, similar arrays have been built in Los Alamos and at CERN, and are now starting to produce data over wider neutron energy intervals. Recently it has been shown that such detector arrays are also perfectly suited for measuring stellar cross sections of charged particle induced reactions. The performance of these detectors is illustrated at the example of recent measurements followed by a discussion of possible future applications. </font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords: </b>Stellar nucleosynthesis; s&#150;process; neutron capture; gamma calorimeter; charged particle reactions.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">El origen de los elementos qu&iacute;micos en procesos de nucleos&iacute;ntesis en estrellas y explosiones estelares ha sido investigado ampliamente desde que fueron formulados en 1957 por Burbidge et al. &#91;1&#93;. Resulta que la abundancia producida por el proceso de captura de neutrones lentos (proceso s) en las zonas de quemado de He en las estrellas rojas gigantes, las cuales contribuyen aproximadamente con la mitad de las abundancias isot&oacute;picas en la regi&oacute;n con masas entre Fe y Bi, puede ser descrita de forma cuantitativa con base en los experimentos de laboratorio. Para obtener la exactitud requerida, se desarroll&oacute; un arreglo de BaF2 de 4<img src="/img/revistas/rmf/v52s1/a19s2.jpg">, el cual ha sido usado en Centro de Karlsruhe para medir la secci&oacute;n eficaz de captura de neutrones en el rango energ&eacute;tico del neutr&oacute;n de 3 KeV a 220 keV. De igual forma se han construido arreglos en Los Alamos y en el CERN, por lo que ahora se est&aacute;n obteniendo datos en intervalos de energ&iacute;a del neutr&oacute;n muy amplios. Recientemente se ha mostrado que los detectores mencionados son tambi&eacute;n muy adecuados para medir la secci&oacute;n eficaz estelar de reacci&oacute;n inducida por part&iacute;culas cargadas. Se presentan las medidas m&aacute;s recientes como un ejemplo que ilustra el desempe&ntilde;o de esos detectores y se discute las aplicaciones futuras posibles. </font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Descriptores: </b>Nucleos&iacute;ntesis estelar; proceso s; captura neutr&oacute;nica; calor&iacute;metro gama; reacciones con part&iacute;culas cargadas.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 25.40.Lw; 29.40.Vj; 97.10.Cv</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmf/v52s1/v52s1a19.pdf">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>References</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. E. Burbidge, G. Burbidge, W. Fowler, and F. Hoyle, <i>Rev. Mod. Phys. </i><b>29 </b>(1957) 547.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376014&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">2. F. K&auml;ppeler, <i>Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. </i><b>43</b> (1999) 419.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376015&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">3. G. Wallerstein <i>et al., Rev. Mod. Phys. </i><b>69 </b>(1997) 995.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376016&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">4. F. K&auml;ppeler, F.&#150;K. Thielemann, and M. Wiescher, <i>Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. </i><b>48 </b>(1998) 175.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376017&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">5. M. Busso, R. Gallino, and G. Wasserburg, <i>Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. </i><b>37</b> (1999) 239.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376018&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">6. E. Anders and N. Grevesse, <i>Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta </i><b>53</b> (1989) 197.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376019&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">7. W. Aoki <i>etal.,Ap. J. </i><b>580 </b>(2002) 1149.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376020&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">8. E. Zinner, <i>Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. </i><b>26 </b>(1998) 147.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376021&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">9. R. Gallino <i>et al., Ap. J. </i><b>497 </b>(1998) 388.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376022&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">10. C. Travaglio <i>et al., Ap. J. </i><b>521 </b>(1999) 691.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376023&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900010&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">11. Z. Bao <i>et al., Atomic Data Nucl. Data Tables </i><b>76 </b>(2000) 70.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376024&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900011&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">12. T. Rauscher and F.&#150;K. Thielemann, <i>Atomic Data Nucl. Data Tables </i><b>75 </b>(2000) 1.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376025&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900012&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">13. S. Goriely, in <i>Long term needs for nuclear data development, </i>edited by M. Herman (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 2001) report INDC(NDS)&#150;428, p. 83.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376026&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900013&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">14. K. Wisshak <i>et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. A </i><b>292 </b>(1990) 595.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376027&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900014&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">15. K. Wisshak <i>et al., Phys. Rev. C </i><b>48 </b>(1993) 1401.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376028&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900015&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">16. R. Reifarth <i>et al.</i>, <i>Phys. Rev. C </i><b>66 </b>(2002) 064603.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376029&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900016&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">17. R. Reifarth <i>et al., Ap. J. </i><b>614 </b>(2004) 363.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376030&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900017&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">18. P. Lisowski, C. Bowman, G. Russell, and S. Wender, <i>Nucl. Sci. Engineering </i><b>106 </b>(1990) 208.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376031&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900018&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">19. U. Abbondanno <i>et al., Report CERN&#150;SL&#150;2002&#150;053 ECT, CERN, </i>Geneva, Switzerland (2003).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376032&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900019&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">20.<a href="http://neutrons.ornl.gov/" target="_blank"> http://www.sns.gov/</A></a>, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (2004).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376033&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900020&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">21.<u><a href="http://j-parc.jp/" target="_blank"> http://j&#150;parc.jp/</a></A></u>, JAERI and KEK (2004).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376034&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900021&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">22. J. Ullmann <i>et al., </i>in <i>Capture Gamma&#150;Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics, </i>edited by J. Kvasil, P. Cejnar, and M. Krticka (World Scientific, New Jersey, 2003), p. 483.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376035&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900022&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">23. I. Dillmann <i>et al, </i>n_TOF Note, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, (2005).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376036&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900023&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">24. P. Koehler, <i>Nucl. Instr. Meth. A </i><b>460 </b>(2001) 352.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376037&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900024&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">25. M. Heil <i>et al., </i>The NCAP proposal, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (2005).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376038&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900025&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">26. M. Heil, <i>Report FZKA 6783, </i>Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (2002).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376039&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900026&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">27. R. Plag, <i>Report FZKA 7099, </i>Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (2005).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8376040&pid=S0035-001X200600070001900027&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burbidge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burbidge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fowler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoyle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. Mod. Phys]]></source>
<year>1957</year>
<numero>29</numero>
<issue>29</issue>
<page-range>547</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Käppeler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<numero>43</numero>
<issue>43</issue>
<page-range>419</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wallerstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. Mod. Phys]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<numero>69</numero>
<issue>69</issue>
<page-range>995</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Käppeler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thielemann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.-K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wiescher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci.]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<numero>48</numero>
<issue>48</issue>
<page-range>175</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Busso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wasserburg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<numero>37</numero>
<issue>37</issue>
<page-range>239</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anders]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grevesse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<numero>53</numero>
<issue>53</issue>
<page-range>197</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aoki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ap. J]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<numero>580</numero>
<issue>580</issue>
<page-range>1149</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zinner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci.]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<numero>26</numero>
<issue>26</issue>
<page-range>147</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ap. J.]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<numero>497</numero>
<issue>497</issue>
<page-range>388</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Travaglio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ap. J.]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<numero>521</numero>
<issue>521</issue>
<page-range>691</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Atomic Data Nucl. Data Tables]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<numero>76</numero>
<issue>76</issue>
<page-range>70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rauscher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thielemann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.-K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Atomic Data Nucl. Data Tables]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<numero>75</numero>
<issue>75</issue>
<page-range>1</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goriely]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Long term needs for nuclear data development]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>428</volume>
<page-range>83</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Vienna ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[International Atomic Energy Agency]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wisshak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Nucl. Instr. Meth. A]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<numero>292</numero>
<issue>292</issue>
<page-range>595</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wisshak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Rev. C]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<numero>48</numero>
<issue>48</issue>
<page-range>1401</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reifarth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Rev. C]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<numero>66</numero>
<issue>66</issue>
<page-range>064603</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reifarth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ap. J]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<numero>614</numero>
<issue>614</issue>
<page-range>363</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lisowski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bowman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Russell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wender]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Nucl. Sci. Engineering]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<numero>106</numero>
<issue>106</issue>
<page-range>208</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abbondanno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Report CERN-SL-2002-053 ECT]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Geneva ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CERN]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oak Ridge National Laboratory]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[JAERI and KEK]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ullmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kvasil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cejnar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krticka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<page-range>483</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[New Jersey ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[World Scientific]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dillmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[n_TOF Note]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Geneva ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CERN]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koehler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Nucl. Instr. Meth. A]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<numero>460</numero>
<issue>460</issue>
<page-range>352</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The NCAP proposal]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plag]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
