<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-001X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fis.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-001X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-001X2006000200004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Three-dimensional numerical simulation of the natural convection in an open tilted cubic cavity]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hinojosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Estrada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,UNAM Centro de Investigación en Energía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Temixco Morelos]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,SEP SNIT CENIDET]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cuernavaca Morelos]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Sonora Depto. de Ing. Química y Met. ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Hermosillo Sonora]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>111</fpage>
<lpage>119</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-001X2006000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-001X2006000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-001X2006000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[In this work the numerical results of the heat transfer by natural convection in a tilted open cubic cavity are presented. The most important assumptions in the mathematical formulation are two: the flow is laminar, and the Boussinesq approximation is valid. The conservation equations in primitive variables are solved using the finite volume method and the SIMPLEC algorithm. The advective terms are approximated by the SMART scheme, and the diffusive terms are approximated using the central differencing scheme. The results in the steady state are obtained for a Rayleigh range from 10(4) to 10(7) and for a range of 0-180° for the inclination angles of the cavity. The results show that for high Rayleigh numbers, the Nusselt number changes substantially with the inclination angle of the cavity. The numerical model predicted Nusselt number oscillations for low angles and high Rayleigh numbers.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En este artículo se presentan los resultados numéricos de transferencia de calor por convección natural en una cavidad cúbica abierta. En la formulación matemática las suposiciones más importantes son dos: el flujo es laminar y la aproximación de Boussinesq es válida. Las ecuaciones de conservacion son presentadas en variables primitivas y son resultas usando el método de volumen finito y el algoritmo SIMPLER, los términos advectivos son aproximados por el esquema SMART y los difusivos por el esquema de diferencias centrado. Los resultados en estado permanente se presentan para numeros de Rayleigh en el rango 10(4) a 10(7), para angulos de inclinación de la cavidad de 0 a 180°. Los resultados muestran que para números de Rayleigh altos, los números de Nusselt cambian sustancialmente con el ángulo de inclinación de la cavidad. Se encuentra que el modelo numérico predice oscilaciones del número de Nusselt para ángulos pequeños y números de Rayleigh altos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Open cavities]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[natural convection]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[three dimensional numerical simulation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cavidades abiertas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[conveccion natural]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[simulación numérica tridimensional]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Investigaci&oacute;n</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Three&#150;dimensional numerical simulation of the natural convection in an open tilted cubic cavity</b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>J.F. Hinojosa<sup>c</sup>, G. Alvarez<sup>b</sup>, and C.A. Estrada<sup>a</sup></b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>a Centro de Investigaci&oacute;n en Energ&iacute;a&#150;UNAM, Priv. Xochicalco s/n, Temixco, Morelos, Mexico, Apartado Postal 34, 62580, Tel. +52+55+56229729, Fax. +52+777+3250018. e&#150;mail: <a href="mailto:cestrada@cie.unam.mx">cestrada@cie.unam.mx</a></i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>b CENIDET&#150;SNIT&#150;SEP, Av. Palmira s/n. Col. Palmira, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico e&#150;mail: <a href="mailto:gaby@cenidet.edu.mx">gaby@cenidet.edu.mx</a></i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>c Depto. de Ing. Qu&iacute;mica y Met., Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico e&#150;mail: <a href="mailto:fhinojosa@iq.uson.mx">fhinojosa@iq.uson.mx</a></i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 26 de noviembre de 2004    <br> Aceptado el 21 de noviembre de 2005</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">In this work the numerical results of the heat transfer by natural convection in a tilted open cubic cavity are presented. The most important assumptions in the mathematical formulation are two: the flow is laminar, and the Boussinesq approximation is valid. The conservation equations in primitive variables are solved using the finite volume method and the SIMPLEC algorithm. The advective terms are approximated by the SMART scheme, and the diffusive terms are approximated using the central differencing scheme. The results in the steady state are obtained for a Rayleigh range from 10<sup>4</sup> to 10<sup>7</sup> and for a range of 0&#150;180&deg; for the inclination angles of the cavity. The results show that for high Rayleigh numbers, the Nusselt number changes substantially with the inclination angle of the cavity. The numerical model predicted Nusselt number oscillations for low angles and high Rayleigh numbers.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords: </b>Open cavities; natural convection; three dimensional numerical simulation.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">En este art&iacute;culo se presentan los resultados num&eacute;ricos de transferencia de calor por convecci&oacute;n natural en una cavidad c&uacute;bica abierta. En la formulaci&oacute;n matem&aacute;tica las suposiciones m&aacute;s importantes son dos: el flujo es laminar y la aproximaci&oacute;n de Boussinesq es v&aacute;lida. Las ecuaciones de conservacion son presentadas en variables primitivas y son resultas usando el m&eacute;todo de volumen finito y el algoritmo SIMPLER, los t&eacute;rminos advectivos son aproximados por el esquema SMART y los difusivos por el esquema de diferencias centrado. Los resultados en estado permanente se presentan para numeros de Rayleigh en el rango 10<sup>4</sup> a 10<sup>7</sup>, para angulos de inclinaci&oacute;n de la cavidad de 0 a 180&deg;. Los resultados muestran que para n&uacute;meros de Rayleigh altos, los n&uacute;meros de Nusselt cambian sustancialmente con el &aacute;ngulo de inclinaci&oacute;n de la cavidad. Se encuentra que el modelo num&eacute;rico predice oscilaciones del n&uacute;mero de Nusselt para &aacute;ngulos peque&ntilde;os y n&uacute;meros de Rayleigh altos.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Descriptores: </b>Cavidades abiertas; conveccion natural; simulaci&oacute;n num&eacute;rica tridimensional.</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 44.25.+f; 44.40.+a</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmf/v52n2/v52n2a4.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Acknowledgment</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">The first author wishes to acknowledge the support of the "Direccion General de Apoyo al Personal Acad&eacute;mico (DGAPA)&#150;UNAM", given through its postdoctoral grants program.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>References</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. 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