<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-001X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fis.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-001X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-001X2005000400011</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Third harmonic conversion efficiency from laser-dense plasma interactions]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ondarza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México D.F.]]></addr-line>
<country>Mex.</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2005</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2005</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>415</fpage>
<lpage>419</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-001X2005000400011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-001X2005000400011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-001X2005000400011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[A perturbative nonlinear procedure is used to account for the conversion efficiency of the third harmonic reflected from a dense plasma illuminated by a short laser pulse. It is found that the power ratio of the third harmonic to that of the fundamental is given by P3/P0 ~ &#945;40 (&#969;0/&#969;p)², where a0 is the amplitude of the incident wave, and &#969;0and &#969;p are the optical and plasma frequency, respectively. This power ratio was found to be in agreement with particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. Furthermore, the model presented here predicts a resonant enhancement around a density four times critical. This effect is captured as well by numerical simulations, and proved to be a distinctive feature in the radiation spectra.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Se emplea un método perturbativo para calcular la eficiencia en la emisión del tercer armónico por reflexión de un plasma denso en la interacción de un pulso corto de luz láser. Se encuentra que la potencia emitida está dada por P3/P0 ~&#945;(4)0 (&#969;0/&#969;p)², donde a0 es la amplitud de la onda incidente, &#969;0y &#969;p son las frecuencias óptica y del plasma, respectivamente. La potencia obtenida se encuentra en concordancia con aquella observada por medio de la simulación numérica de partículas. Además, el método aquí presentado predice un efecto resonante alrededor de una densidad de plasma que corresponde a cuatro veces su valor crítico. Este efecto se observa, así mismo, en las simulaciones numéricas, siendo una característica distintiva en los espectros de emisión.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Laser-plasma interaction]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[high harmonic generation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Interacción plasma-láser]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[generación de armónicos]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Investigaci&oacute;n</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Third harmonic conversion efficiency from laser&#45;dense plasma interactions</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>R. Ondarza</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Apartado Postal 18&#45;1027, M&eacute;xico 11801, D.F., Mex.</i></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 10 de febrero de 2005.    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br> 	Aceptado el 27 de junio de 2005.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">A perturbative nonlinear procedure is used to account for the conversion efficiency of the third harmonic reflected from a dense plasma illuminated by a short laser pulse. It is found that the power ratio of the third harmonic to that of the fundamental is given by <i>P<sub>3</sub>/P<sub>0</sub></i> &#126; &alpha;<sup>4</sup><sub>0</sub> <i>(&#969;<sub>0</sub>/&#969;<sub>p</sub>)<sup>2</sup></i>, where <i>a<sub>0</sub></i> is the amplitude of the incident wave, and <i>&#969;<sub>0</sub></i>and <i>&#969;<sub>p</sub></i> are the optical and plasma frequency, respectively. This power ratio was found to be in agreement with particle&#45;in&#45;cell (PIC) simulations. Furthermore, the model presented here predicts a resonant enhancement around a density four times critical. This effect is captured as well by numerical simulations, and proved to be a distinctive feature in the radiation spectra.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords:</b> Laser&#45;plasma interaction; high harmonic generation.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Se emplea un m&eacute;todo perturbativo para calcular la eficiencia en la emisi&oacute;n del tercer arm&oacute;nico por reflexi&oacute;n de un plasma denso en la interacci&oacute;n de un pulso corto de luz l&aacute;ser. Se encuentra que la potencia emitida est&aacute; dada por <i>P<sub>3</sub>/P<sub>0</sub></i> &#126;&alpha;<sup>4</sup><sub>0</sub>  <i>(&#969;<sub>0</sub>/&#969;<sub>p</sub>)<sup>2</sup></i>, donde <i>a<sub>0</sub></i> es la amplitud de la onda incidente, <i>&#969;<sub>0</sub></i>y <i>&#969;<sub>p</sub></i> son las frecuencias &oacute;ptica y del plasma, respectivamente. La potencia obtenida se encuentra en concordancia con aquella observada por medio de la simulaci&oacute;n num&eacute;rica de part&iacute;culas. Adem&aacute;s, el m&eacute;todo aqu&iacute; presentado predice un efecto resonante alrededor de una densidad de plasma que corresponde a cuatro veces su valor cr&iacute;tico. Este efecto se observa, as&iacute; mismo, en las simulaciones num&eacute;ricas, siendo una caracter&iacute;stica distintiva en los espectros de emisi&oacute;n.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Descriptores:</b> Interacci&oacute;n plasma&#45;l&aacute;ser; generaci&oacute;n de arm&oacute;nicos.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 52.50.Jm; 52.65.Rr; 52.25.Os</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmf/v51n4/v51n4a11.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Acknowledgments</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">The author thanks Prof. T.J.M. Boyd for useful discussions and acknowledges financial support from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog&iacute;a (CONACyT) under Contract No. 43621&#45;F.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>References</b></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. J. D. Kmetec, C. L. Gordon III, J. J. Mackin, B. E. Lemoff, G. S. Brown and S. E. Harris, <i>Phys. Rev. Lett.</i> 68 (1992) 1527.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311682&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">2. F. N. Beg, A. R. Bell, A. E. Dangor, C. N. Danson, A. P. Fews, M. E. Glinsky, B. A. Hammel, P. Lee, P. A. Norreys and M. Tatarakis, <i>Phys. Plasmas</i> <b>4</b> (1997) 447.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311684&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">3. R. L. Carman, C. K. Rhodes and R. F. Benjamin, <i>Phys. Rev.</i> A <b>24</b> (1981) 2649.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311686&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">4. R. L. Carman, D. W. Forslund and J. M. Kindel, <i>Phys. Rev. Lett.</i> <b>46</b> (1981) 29.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311688&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">5. P. Gibbon, <i>Phys. Rev. Lett.</i> <b>76</b> (1996) 50.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311690&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">6. P. A. Norreys, M. Zepf, S. Moustaizis, A. P. Fews, J. Zhang, P. Lee, M. Bakarezos, C. N. Danson, A. Dyson, P. Gibbon, P. Loukakos, D. Neely, F. N. Walsh, J. S. Wark and A. E. Dangor, <i>Phys. Rev. Lett.</i> <b>76</b> (1996) 1832.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311692&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">7. D. von der Linde, T. Engers, G. Jenke, P. Agostini, G. Grillon, E. Nibbering, A. Mysyrowicz and A. Antonetti, <i>Phys. Rev.</i> A <b>52</b> (1995) R25.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311694&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">8. S. Kohlweyer, G. D. Tsakiris, C. &#45;G. Wahlstr&ouml;m, C. Tillman and I. Mercer, <i>Opt. Commun.</i> <b>117</b> (1995) 431.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311696&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">9. F. Brunel, <i>Phys. Rev. Lett.</i> <b>59</b> (1987) 52.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311698&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">10. S. V. Bulanov and N. M. Naumova, <i>Phys. Plasmas</i> <b>1</b> (1994) 745.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311700&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100010&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">11 . R. Lichters, J. Meyer&#45;ter&#45;Vehn and A. Pukhov, <i>Phys. Plasmas</i> <b>3</b> (1996) 3425.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311702&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100011&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">12. P. Gibbon, <i>IEEE J. Quantum Electron.</i> <b>33</b> (1997) 1915.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311704&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100012&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">13. I. Watts, M. Zepf, E. L. Clark, M. Tatarakis, K. Krushelnick, A. E. Dangor, R. M. Allot, R. J. Clarke, D. Neely and P. A. Norreys, <i>Phys. Rev. Lett.</i> <b>88</b> (2002) 155001.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311706&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100013&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">14. U. Teubner, D. Altenbernd, P. Gibbon, E. F&ouml;rster, A. Mysyrowicz, P. Audebert, J. &#45;P. Geindre, J. &#45;C. Gauthier, R. Lichters and J. Meyer&#45;ter&#45;Vehn, <i>Opt. Commun.</i> <b>144</b> (1997) 217.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311708&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100014&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">15. R. Lichters and J. Meyer&#45;ter&#45;Vehn, <i>Multiphoton Processes</i> (Institute of Physics Publishing, Bristol and Philadelphia, 1997).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311710&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100015&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">16 . R. Ondarza&#45;Rovira and T. J. M. Boyd, <i>Phys. Plasmas</i> 7 (2000) 1520.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311712&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100016&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">17. T. J. M. Boyd and R. Ondarza&#45;Rovira, <i>Phys. Rev. Lett.</i> <b>85</b> (2000) 1440.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311714&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100017&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">18. S. C. Wilks, W. L. Kruer and W. B. Mori, <i>IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.</i> <b>21</b> (1993) 120.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311716&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100018&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">19. C. K. Birdsall and A. B. Langdon, <i>Plasma Physics via Computer Simulation,</i> (Institute of Physics Publishing, Bristol and Philadelphia, 1995).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311718&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100019&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">20. A. B. Langdon and B. F. Lasinski, <i>Meth. Comput. Phys.</i> <b>16</b> (1976) 327.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311720&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100020&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">21. R. Ondarza, <i>Phys. Rev.</i> E <b>67</b> (2003) 066401.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8311722&pid=S0035-001X200500040001100021&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[ ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kmetec]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gordon III]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mackin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lemoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Rev. Lett.]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>68</volume>
<page-range>1527</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dangor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Danson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fews]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Glinsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hammel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Norreys]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tatarakis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Plasmas]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<page-range>447</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rhodes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benjamin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Rev. A]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>2649</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Forslund]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kindel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Rev. Lett.]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<page-range>29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gibbon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Rev. Lett.]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>76</volume>
<page-range>50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Norreys]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zepf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moustaizis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fews]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bakarezos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Danson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dyson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gibbon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loukakos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neely]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walsh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wark]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dangor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Rev. Lett.]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>76</volume>
<page-range>1832</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[von der Linde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Engers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jenke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agostini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grillon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nibbering]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mysyrowicz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antonetti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Rev. A]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<page-range>R25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kohlweyer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tsakiris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wahlström]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. -G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tillman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mercer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Opt. Commun.]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>117</volume>
<page-range>431</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brunel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Rev. Lett.]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<volume>59</volume>
<page-range>52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bulanov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naumova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Plasmas]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>745</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lichters]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meyer-ter-Vehn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pukhov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Plasmas]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>3425</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gibbon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE J. Quantum Electron.]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>1915</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zepf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clark]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tatarakis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krushelnick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dangor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clarke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neely]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Norreys]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Rev. Lett.]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>88</volume>
<page-range>155001</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teubner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Altenbernd]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gibbon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Förster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mysyrowicz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Audebert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Geindre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. -P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gauthier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. -C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lichters]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meyer-ter-Vehn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Opt. Commun.]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>144</volume>
<page-range>217</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lichters]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meyer-ter-Vehn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Multiphoton Processes]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bristol and Philadelphia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Institute of Physics Publishing]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ondarza-Rovira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boyd]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Plasmas]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>1520</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boyd]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ondarza-Rovira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Rev. Lett.]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>85</volume>
<page-range>1440</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kruer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<page-range>120</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Birdsall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Langdon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Plasma Physics via Computer Simulation]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[BristolPhiladelphia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Institute of Physics Publishing]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Langdon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lasinski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Meth. Comput. Phys.]]></source>
<year>1976</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<page-range>327</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ondarza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Rev. E]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<page-range>066401</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
