<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-001X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fis.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-001X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-001X2002000300010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[On the field enhanced carrier generation in MOS structures]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peykov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Juárez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castanedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A04"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Instituto de Ciencias Centro de Investigaciones en Dispositivos Semiconductores]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Puebla ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Facultad de Ciencias de la Computación ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Puebla ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico Nacional Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Materiales Avanzados]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Querétaro ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A04">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico Nacional Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Sección de Electrónica del Estado Sólido]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México Distrito Federal]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2002</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2002</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>235</fpage>
<lpage>238</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-001X2002000300010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-001X2002000300010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-001X2002000300010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Using a sine voltage sweep C-V, DLTS, gettering and defect revealing techniques the thermal carrier generation in MOS (Metal - Oxide - Semiconductor) structures was investigated. The thermal generation from a field dependent becomes as field independent due to the gettering. The activation energy of generation - recombination centers, Ea, the generation lifetime, &#932;g, and Poole-Frenkel factor, &#945;, were determined. Dislocations with an average density of 5 x 10(6)cm-2 were observed in all wafers. In the samples with field enhanced carrier generation a linear dependence between Ea and &#945; was found, where the Poole-Frenkel factor increases with the increase ofthe activation energy. On the other hand Ea, &#932;g and &#945; were found to be strongly affected by the gettering, thereby suggesting that they depend on the level ofdecoration of the dislocations with impurities.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En este trabajo se usaron estructuras MOS (Metal-Oxido-Semiconductor) para investigar sobre el proceso de generación térmica de portadores apoyada por campo eléctrico en silicio. Mediante la técnica C-V (Capacitancia-Voltaje) con barrido de voltaje senoidal, se determinaron los valores del tiempo de vida de generation, &#932;g, y del factor experimental de Poole-Frenkel, &#945;exp. Usando la técnica DLTS (Deep-Level-Transient-Spectroscopy) se encontró la energía de activación, Ea, de los centros efectivos g-r (generación-recombinación). Un revelado químico sobre la superficie del silicio, mostro la existencia de una densidad promedio de dislocaciones de 5 x 10(6) cm-2 en todas las obleas usadas. Los resultados obtenidos indican que; cuando a las estructuras MOS se les incluye un proceso de gettering en su fabricación, la generación de portadores es independiente del campo eléctrico. En las muestras sin proceso gettering, la generación de portadores es apoyada por campo eléctrico y se observó una dependencia lineal entre, el factor de PF y la energía de activación de los centros g-r. A medida que se incrementa el valor de &#945;, los centros g-r se sitúan mas cerca de la mitad de la banda prohibida (&#945; se incrementa). Por otro lado, el proceso gettering realizado a las obleas, influye fuertemente sobre los valores de los parámetros Ea, &#945; y &#932;g medidos de las diferentes estructuras MOS. Suponemos que los valores de esos parámetros dependen del nivel de decoración con impurezas en las dislocaciones.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[MOS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[lifetime]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[defects]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gettering]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[MOS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tiempo de vida]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[defectos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gettering]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Investigaci&oacute;n</font></p>     <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>      <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>On the field enhanced carrier generation in MOS structures</b></font></p>     <p align="center">&nbsp;</p>          <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>P. Peykov<sup>1</sup>, T. Diaz<sup>1</sup>, H. Ju&aacute;rez<sup>2</sup>, R. Castanedo<sup>3</sup>, G. Romero<sup>4</sup></b></font></p>              <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>         <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup>1</sup> <i>Centro de Investigaciones en Dispositivos Semiconductores, ICUAP. Benem&eacute;rita Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de Puebla. Apartado Postal 1651, Puebla 72000, Puebla, M&eacute;xico.</i></font></p>           <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup>2</sup> <i>Facultad de Ciencias de la Computaci&oacute;n Benem&eacute;rita Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de Puebla. Apartado Postal 1651, Puebla 72000, Puebla, M&eacute;xico.</i></font></p>      <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup>3</sup> <i>Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Materiales Avanzados, CINVESTAV Quer&eacute;taro Apartado Postal 1&#45;798, Quer&eacute;taro 76001, Qro., M&eacute;xico.</i></font></p>           <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup>4</sup> <i>Depto. de Ing. El&eacute;ctrica, SEES, CINVESTAV, IPN.</i> <i>Apartado Postal 14&#45;740, M&eacute;xico D.F., M&eacute;xico.</i></font></p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 29 de noviembre de 2001.    <br>   Aceptado el 8 de marzo de 2002.</font></p>      <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>      <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Using a sine voltage sweep C&#45;V, DLTS, gettering and defect revealing techniques the thermal carrier generation in MOS (Metal &#45; Oxide &#45; Semiconductor) structures was investigated. The thermal generation from a field dependent becomes as field independent due to the gettering. The activation energy of generation &#45; recombination centers, <i>E<sub>a</sub></i>, the generation lifetime, <i>&#932;<sub>g</sub></i>, and Poole&#45;Frenkel factor, &#945;, were determined. Dislocations with an average density of 5 x 10<sup>6</sup><i>cm</i><sup>&#45;2</sup> were observed in all wafers. In the samples with field enhanced carrier generation a linear dependence between <i>E<sub>a</sub></i> and &#945; was found, where the Poole&#45;Frenkel factor increases with the increase ofthe activation energy. On the other hand <i>E<sub>a</sub></i>, <i>&#932;<sub>g</sub></i> and &#945; were found to be strongly affected by the gettering, thereby suggesting that they depend on the level ofdecoration of the dislocations with impurities.</font></p>      <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords:</b> MOS; lifetime; defects; gettering.</font></p>      <p align="justify">     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font>        <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">En este trabajo se usaron estructuras MOS (Metal&#45;Oxido&#45;Semiconductor) para investigar sobre el proceso de generaci&oacute;n t&eacute;rmica de portadores apoyada por campo el&eacute;ctrico en silicio. Mediante la t&eacute;cnica C&#45;V (Capacitancia&#45;Voltaje) con barrido de voltaje senoidal, se determinaron los valores del tiempo de vida de generation, <i>&#932;<sub>g</sub></i>, y del factor experimental de Poole&#45;Frenkel, &#945;<sub>exp</sub>. Usando la t&eacute;cnica DLTS (Deep&#45;Level&#45;Transient&#45;Spectroscopy) se encontr&oacute; la energ&iacute;a de activaci&oacute;n, <i>E<sub>a</sub></i>, de los centros efectivos g&#45;r (generaci&oacute;n&#45;recombinaci&oacute;n). Un revelado qu&iacute;mico sobre la superficie del silicio, mostro la existencia de una densidad promedio de dislocaciones de 5 x 10<sup>6</sup> <i>cm<sup>&#45;2</sup></i> en todas las obleas usadas. Los resultados obtenidos indican que; cuando a las estructuras MOS se les incluye un proceso de gettering en su fabricaci&oacute;n, la generaci&oacute;n de portadores es independiente del campo el&eacute;ctrico. En las muestras sin proceso gettering, la generaci&oacute;n de portadores es apoyada por campo el&eacute;ctrico y se observ&oacute; una dependencia lineal entre, el factor de PF y la energ&iacute;a de activaci&oacute;n de los centros g&#45;r. A medida que se incrementa el valor de &#945;, los centros g&#45;r se sit&uacute;an mas cerca de la mitad de la banda prohibida (&#945; se incrementa). Por otro lado, el proceso gettering realizado a las obleas, influye fuertemente sobre los valores de los par&aacute;metros <i>E<sub>a</sub></i>, &#945; y <i>&#932;<sub>g</sub></i> medidos de las diferentes estructuras MOS. Suponemos que los valores de esos par&aacute;metros dependen del nivel de decoraci&oacute;n con impurezas en las dislocaciones.</font></p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Palabras clave:</b> MOS; tiempo de vida; defectos; gettering.</font></p>      <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 73.40.Ty; 73.25.+1 1.</font></p>      <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmf/v48n3/v48n3a10.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>References</b></font></p>      <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. M. Zerbst, <i>Z. Angew Phys.</i> 22 (1966) 30.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8286214&pid=S0035-001X200200030001000001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>      <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">2. P. U. Calzolari, S. Graffi and C. Morandi, <i>Solid&#45;St. Electron.</i> 17 (1974) 1001.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8286216&pid=S0035-001X200200030001000002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>      ]]></body>
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