<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0028-3746</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Neumología y cirugía de tórax]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Neumol. cir. torax]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0028-3746</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Neumología y Cirugía de Tórax; Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas; Sociedad Cubana de Neumología; Sociedad Paraguaya de Neumología; Sociedad Boliviana de Neumología.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0028-37462016000200143</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Impacto de la epidemia de neumonía e influenza A H1N1 del 2009 en la tendencia de la mortalidad estandarizada por edad, y en las tasas de muerte específicas por grupos de edad y sexo en México, 2000-2010]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Impact of the pandemic influenza A H1N1 2009 in the trend of age-standardized mortality and death rates by specific age groups and sex in Mexico, 2000-2010]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Briseño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Sancho Figueroa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ma. Cecilia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández-Plata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosario]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torre-Bouscoulet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suárez González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laura]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Padilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rogelio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>143</fpage>
<lpage>148</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0028-37462016000200143&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0028-37462016000200143&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0028-37462016000200143&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Introducción:  El análisis de la mortalidad a nivel nacional permite identificar las principales causas de muerte y los grupos de edad más afectados.  Objetivo:  Describir el impacto de la epidemia de neumonía e influenza A H1N1 en el año 2009 en la tendencia de la mortalidad estandarizada por edad, y en las tasas de muerte específicas por grupos de edad y sexo en México, 2000-2010.  Material y métodos:  Se calcularon tasas de mortalidad por neumonía e influenza estandarizadas por edad utilizando el método directo. Los códigos de la Clasificación Internacional de las Enfermedades (CIE) incluidos en esta descripción fueron CIE-10 J09 a J18, se abarcaron todas las edades en el análisis. Para cumplir este objetivo nosotros usamos los datos oficiales de mortalidad (INEGI).  Resultados:  La mortalidad estandarizada por edad mostró un exceso de muertes debido a neumonías e influenza en el año 2009. Las tasas específicas mostraron que los grupos de edad más afectados fueron en los grupos de edad extremos de la vida. En el 2009, la mortalidad ocurrió también en edades intermedias.  Conclusión:  El exceso de mortalidad por neumonías e influenza en el 2009 impactó la tendencia de la mortalidad; las tasas de mortalidad por esta causa son altas, sobre todo en menores de 1 año y adultos mayores; se requiere de acciones específicas para disminuirlas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Introduction:  Mortality analysis allows us to identify the main causes of death and the characteristics of affected population.  Objective:  To estimate the impact of the mortality for pneumonia e influenza A H1N1 in the 2009 on the age-standardised and specific mortality rates in Mexico for 2000-2010.  Material and methods:  We estimated age-standardised rate by direct method and specific mortality rates due to pneumonia and influenza; the codes CIE-10 J09 aJ18 were analyzed. We used the official database of mortality in Mexico (INEGI).  Results:  The trend of the age-standardised rates shows an increase in the mortality in 2009, in men and women. The age groups most affected were those over 65 and less than one year. In 2009, the highest rates were observed in middle age group.  Conclusion: Deaths due to pneumonia e influenza A H1N1 impacted the age-standardised rates; elderly people and children under one year of age were the most affected. Mortality rates due to pneumonia and influenza are high and particular actions are required to decrease them.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[mortalidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[neumonía e influenza A H1N1]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tendencias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mortality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pneumonia e influenza A H1N1]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[trends]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Mortalidad, defunciones generales por grupos de edad y sexo, 2012]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Mortalidad, defunciones generales por grupos de edad y sexo, 1990 a 2010]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hidden respiratory disease-associated deaths]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perez-Padilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Tuberc Lung Dis]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>458-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>StataCorp</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Stata Statistical Software: Release 12]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[College Station, TX ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[StataCorp LP]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Severe respiratory disease concurrent with the circulation of H1N1 influenza]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chowell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bertozzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colchero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[N Engl J Med]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>361</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>674-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Critically ill patients with 2009 influenza A(H1N1) in Mexico]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez-Cherit]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lapinsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>302</volume>
<numero>17</numero>
<issue>17</issue>
<page-range>1880-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Impact of the H1N1 influenza pandemic in two rural emergency departments]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Falconer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keddy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Milne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rural Remote Health]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>2063</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Novel Influenza A(H1N1) Study Group of the Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI). Pneumonia complicating pandemic (H1N1) 2009: risk factors, clinical features, and outcomes]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Viasus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paño-Pardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pachón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Medicine (Baltimore)]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>90</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>328-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trends in mortality from respiratory disease in Latin America since 1998 and the impact of the 2009 influenza pandemic]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Souza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M de F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Widdowson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alencar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Bull World Health Organ]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>91</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>525-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres-Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maldonado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perez-Padilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ezzati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Viegi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biomass fuels and respiratory diseases a review of the evidence]]></article-title>
<collab>Forum of International Respiratory Studies Task Force on Health Effects of Biomass Exposure</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Proc Am Thorac Soc]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>577-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Censo de Población y Vivienda 2010. Cuestionario básico. Estados Unidos Mexicanos/Vivienda]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cigarette smoking as a risk factor for influenza-associated mortality evidence from an elderly cohort]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Influenza Other Respir Viruses]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>531-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reynales-Shigematsu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerrero-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lazcano-Ponce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<collab>Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz; Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública; Secretaría de Salud</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Encuesta Nacional de Adicciones 2011: Reporte de Tabaco]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México DF, México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INPRFM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Analysis of maternal deaths in Mexico occurred during 2009]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fajardo-Dolci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meljem-Moctezuma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vicente-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>486-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Case report of the first world death due to a new strain of human influenza A H1N1 virus and behavior of human influenzae in pregnant women]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noguera Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karchmer Krivitzky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[EsliRabadán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antonio Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ginecol Obstet Mex]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>47-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A review on the clinical spectrum and natural history of human influenza]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Punpanich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chotpitayasunondh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Infect Dis]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>e714-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Flu symptoms and preventive measures practiced by the inhabitants of Mexico City during the AH1N1 influenza epidemic]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz-Licea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Domínguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Avila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flisser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Invest Clin]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>284-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk factors associated with fatal influenza, Romania, October 2009-May 2011]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zolotusca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jorgensen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Popovici]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Influenza Other Respir Viruses]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>8-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epidemiological characteristics and underlying risk factors for mortality during the autumn 2009 pandemic wave in Mexico]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chowell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Echevarría-Zuno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Viboud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS One]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>e41069</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
