<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0026-1742</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de la Facultad de Medicina (México)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Fac. Med. (Méx.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0026-1742</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0026-17422018000400007</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Inmunidad e inflamación en el proceso quirúrgico]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Immunity and inflammation in the surgical act]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Bago]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González Reyes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rafael Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruíz Santana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivera Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jesús]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,UNAM Facultad de Medicina Departamento de Bioquímica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>61</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>7</fpage>
<lpage>15</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0026-17422018000400007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0026-17422018000400007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0026-17422018000400007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Todo acto quirúrgico implica un traumatismo directo al organismo, porque expone moléculas que normalmente no se encuentran en el medio extracelular, a las cuales el sistema inmune puede reconocer, e iniciará una respuesta inflamatoria aguda, con la consecuente producción de proteínas mensajeras llamadas citocinas proinflamatorias. Éstas se encargan de generar cambios en el tejido conectivo y el sistema vascular, lo que origina una vasodilatación que ocasiona la salida de líquido al espacio extracelular, lo que permitirá llegar al sitio de la lesión a los leucocitos y proteínas efectoras solubles, con el fin de responder al estímulo agresor mediante mecanismos innatos y adaptativos. Una vez que el estímulo agresor ha sido controlado, la respuesta fisiológica normal llevará a la producción de mediadores antiinflamatorios que permitan realizar una adecuada reparación tisular para llevar a los tejidos lesionados por el proceso quirúrgico a su estado normal.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Every surgical procedure results in a direct trauma to the organism because of an exposure to molecules that are not normally found in the extracellular environment, yet they can be recognized by the immune system and initiate an acute inflammatory response resulting in the production of messenger proteins called pro-inflammatory cytokines. This will produce changes in the connective and vascular tissues, leading to vasodilation and afterwards, the reléase of fluid into the extracellular space, allowing leukocytes and the soluble effector proteins to reach the injury in order to respond to the aggressor&#8217;s stimulus with innate and adaptive mechanisms. Once the aggressor&#8217;s stimulus has been controlled, the normal physiological response will lead to the production of anti-inflammatory mediators that will allow an adequate tissue repair. In this way, the injured tissues by the surgical lesion will return to its normal state.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cirugía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inflamación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[respuesta inmune]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reparación tisular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Surgery]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[inflammation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[immune response]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[tissue repair]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abbas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Litchman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pillai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cellular and molecular immunology. 7th]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Philadelphia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Elsevier]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kumar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abbas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fausto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Robbins y Cotran. Patología Estructural y Funcional. 8va]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Barcelona ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Elsevier]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fitch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Engel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bochner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cost Differences Between Open and Minimally Invasive Surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Manag Care]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>40-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Terrence]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Joseph]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bijan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Candace]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of the clinical and economic outcomes between open and minimally invasive appendectomy and colectomy evidence from a large commercial payer database]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Surg Endosc]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>845-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skjold Kingo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palmfeldt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nørregaard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jensen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Perioperative Systemic Inflammatory Response following Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Cystectomy vs Open Mini-Laparotomy Cystectomy: A Prospective Study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Urol Int]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>1-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jess]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schultz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bendtzen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nielsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Systemic inflammatory responses during laparoscopic and open inguinal hernia repair a randomised prospective study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Surg]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>166</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>540-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rubartelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lotze]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inside, outside, upside down damage-associated molecular-pattern molecules (DAMPs) and redox]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trends Immunol]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>19</numero>
<issue>19</issue>
<page-range>429-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thiemermann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brohi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trauma alarmins as activators of damage-induced inflammation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br J Surg]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>99</volume>
<numero>^s1</numero>
<issue>^s1</issue>
<supplement>1</supplement>
<page-range>12-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raoof]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sumi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sursal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Junger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Circulating mitochondrial DAMPs cause inflammatory responses to injury]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>464</volume>
<numero>7285</numero>
<issue>7285</issue>
<page-range>104-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Surgical inflammation a pathophysiological rainbow]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of transl med]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>19</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huntoon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baumann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kulaylat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Interleukin-6 in surgery, trauma, and critical care part II clinical implications]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of intensive care medicine]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>73-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kawamura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wakusawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Katsuya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Interleukin-10 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonists increase during cardiac surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Can J Anaesth]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>38-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murray]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RZ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intracellular trafficking and secretion of inflammatory cytokines]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cytokine &amp; growth factor reviews]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>227-39</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sims]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The IL-1 family regulators of immunity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature reviews Immunology]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>89-102</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khalil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aziz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Price]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tumour necrosis factor implications for surgical patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[ANZ journal of surgery]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>76</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1010-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cook-Mills]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deem]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Active participation of endothelial cells in inflammation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Leukoc Biol]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>77</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>487-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sumpio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dardik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cells in focus endothelial cell]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Biochem Cell Biol]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1508-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[von Hundelshausen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Platelets as immune cells bridging inflammation and cardiovascular disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Circulation research]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>100</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>27-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borregaard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sorensen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Theilgaard-Monch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Neutrophil granules a library of innate immunity proteins]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trends in immunology]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>340-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duffield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The inflammatory macrophage a story of Jekyll and Hyde]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clinical science]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>104</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>27-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shimaoka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hosotsubo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sugimoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sakaue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taenak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yoshiya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The influence of surgical Stress on T Cells: Early phase Lymphocyte Activation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anest Analog]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<numero>87</numero>
<issue>87</issue>
<page-range>1431-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shimotakahara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuebler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vieten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Metzelder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ure]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Carbon dioxide directly suppresses spontaneous migration, chemotaxis, and free radical production of human neutrophils]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Surg Endosc]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1813-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[West]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hackam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodriguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bellingham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rotstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mechanism of decreased in vitro murine macrophage cytokine release after exposure to carbon dioxide relevance to laparoscopic surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Surg]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>226</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>179-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ure]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niewold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bax]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van der Zee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Essen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Peritoneal, systemic, and distant organ inflammatory responses are reduced by a laparoscopic approach and carbon dioxide versus air]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Surg Endosc]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>836-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Choileain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Redmond]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cell Response to Surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Surg]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>141</volume>
<page-range>1132-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lord]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Midwinter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Belli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brohi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kovacs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The systemic immune response to trauma an overview of pathophysiology and treatment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>384</volume>
<numero>9952</numero>
<issue>9952</issue>
<page-range>1455-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hotchkiss]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monneret]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Payen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Immunosuppression in sepsis a novel understanding of the disorder and a new therapeutic approach]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet Infect Dis]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>260-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dellinger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rhodes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Annane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gerlach]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Opal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Surviving Sepsis Campaign International Guidelines for Management of Sever Sepsis and Septic Shock: 2012]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Crit Care Med]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>580-637</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
