<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0016-3813</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Gaceta médica de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Gac. Méd. Méx]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0016-3813</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia Nacional de Medicina de México A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0016-38132024000300345</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/gmm.24000209</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La carga de la enfermedad en los adultos mayores en México, 1990-2022: tendencias y desafíos para el sistema de salud]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Burden of disease in older adults in Mexico, 1990-2022: time trends and challenges for the health system]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Razo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christian]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lozano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rafael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez-Robledo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Washington Department of Health Metrics Sciences ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Seattle ]]></addr-line>
<country>Estados Unidos</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Washington Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Seattle ]]></addr-line>
<country>Estados Unidos</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Facultad de Medicina Departamento de Salud Pública]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Geriatría Departamento de Epidemiología Clínica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>160</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>345</fpage>
<lpage>356</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0016-38132024000300345&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0016-38132024000300345&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0016-38132024000300345&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Antecedentes: El envejecimiento, la urbanización y cambios en los factores de riesgo han intensificado la epidemia de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT).  Objetivo: Evaluar mortalidad, discapacidad, factores de riesgo y esperanza de vida en personas &#8805; 60 años (EV-60) en México de 1990-2022, conforme a estimaciones del estudio de la Carga Global de Enfermedades, Lesiones y Factores de Riesgo.  Material y métodos: Se analizaron las pérdidas/ganancias en salud en términos de años de vida saludable perdidos, factores de riesgo, EV-60 y esperanza de vida saludable (EVS-60) por sexo y estado de la República Mexicana.  Resultados: La carga se centró en riesgos metabólicos y ECNT. Se observó una alta prevalencia de condiciones no letales relacionadas con el deterioro funcional de los órganos de los sentidos, padecimientos orales y asociados con dolor crónico (lumbalgia y osteoartritis). Las tasas de mortalidad y discapacidad disminuyeron en hombres y mujeres mientras que EV-60 y EVS-60 se incrementaron en el período 1990-2022, con variaciones estatales. Las entidades federativas con mayor desarrollo y mejor atención médica tuvieron mejor EV-60 y EVS-60.  Conclusiones: El aumento en EV-60 no se acompañó de una reducción de la discapacidad por deterioro funcional, lo que resalta la necesidad de estrategias para promover un envejecimiento saludable.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: Aging, urbanization, and lifestyle changes have fueled the non-communicable diseases (NCDs) epidemic.  Objective: Assess mortality, disability, risk factors and life expectancy in people aged &#8805;60 years (LE-60) in Mexico from 1990-2022 using estimates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk factors study.  Material and methods: Health loss/gain in terms of disability-adjusted life years, risk factors, LE-60 and healthy life expectancy (HALE-60) by sex and state were analyzed.  Results: NCDs and metabolic risk factors were the main contributors of health loss, noting a high prevalence of non-lethal conditions related to functional decline (vision and hearing loss), oral conditions, and chronic pain (back pain and osteoarthritis). All-cause mortality and disability rates decreased among men and women while LE-60 and HALE-60 increased from 1990-2022, with state-level variations. States with greater development and healthcare had higher LE-60 and HALE-60.  Conclusions: LE-60 increases were not accompanied by reductions in disability due to functional decline, highlighting the need for healthcare strategies to enhance healthy aging.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Adultos mayores]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Carga de la enfermedad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Discapacidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Esperanza de vida saludable]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mortalidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Elderly]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Burden of disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Disability]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Healthy life expectancy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mortality]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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