<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0016-3813</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Gaceta médica de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Gac. Méd. Méx]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0016-3813</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia Nacional de Medicina de México A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0016-38132023000300175</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/gmm.23000012</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Costos directos de atención médica por COVID-19 durante el primer año de pandemia en un hospital reconvertido]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19 medical care direct costs during the first year of pandemic in a hospital converted for increasing bed capacity]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres-Toledano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marisol]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Granados-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Víctor]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Tapia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José de Jesús]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miguel-Tiburcio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elizabeth T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flores]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yvonne N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A7"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aracena-Genao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Belkis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Palacios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paula]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Hospital General de Zona 58 Departamento de Medicina Interna]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Estado de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Coordinación de Investigación en Salud Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud Área Envejecimiento]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Ciudad de México]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Dirección, Hospital General de Zona con Unidad de Medicina Familiar 76 ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Estado de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Hospital General de Zona con Unidad de Medicina Familiar 76 Departamento de Urgencias]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Estado de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud Morelos ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Morelos ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de California Fielding School of Public Health Departamento de Política y Gestión de la Salud]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Los Ángeles ]]></addr-line>
<country>Estados Unidos</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af7">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de California Fielding School of Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center Center for Cancer Prevention and Control Research-Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Equity]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Los Ángeles ]]></addr-line>
<country>Estados Unidos</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>159</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>175</fpage>
<lpage>183</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0016-38132023000300175&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0016-38132023000300175&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0016-38132023000300175&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Antecedentes: La emergencia sanitaria por COVID-19 causó un aumento de la demanda por hospitalización y costos elevados para el sistema de salud.  Objetivo: Estimar los costos directos de la atención por COVID-19 desde la perspectiva del proveedor de servicios en un hospital de segundo nivel que fue reconvertido durante el primer año de la emergencia sanitaria.  Material y métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo. La información sobre cantidades de bienes y servicios se obtuvo de los sistemas de información SINOLAVE y CVOED, así como de fuentes administrativas del hospital. Se definieron cuatro grupos de costos y se valoraron en dólares norteamericanos con precios unitarios de 2021.  Resultados: La duración promedio de la estancia hospitalaria (n = 3241 pacientes) fue de 10.8 ± 8.2 días. El costo promedio de la atención por paciente fue de USD 6 557 ± 4 997. La terapia respiratoria con ventilación mecánica asistida fue utilizada por 13 % de los pacientes.  Conclusiones: Los costos médicos de atención por COVID-19 representaron una gran cantidad de recursos. La mayor parte de los costos (95 %) se derivó de estancia hospitalaria, terapia respiratoria sin ventilación mecánica asistida, así como de costos relacionados con equipo de protección personal, higiene, adecuación a la infraestructura y pagos al personal médico.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: COVID-19 health emergency caused an increase in the demand for hospitalization and high costs for the health system.  Objective: To estimate COVID-19 care direct costs from the perspective of the healthcare provider in a secondary care hospital that underwent conversion during the first year of health emergency.  Material and methods: Retrospective, observational study. Information on quantities of goods and services was obtained from the SINOLAVE and CVOED platforms and from hospital administrative sources. Four cost groups were defined and estimated with 2021 unit prices in US dollars.  Results: Mean hospital length of stay (n = 3,241 patients) was 10.8 ± 8.2 days. Average cost of care per patient was USD 6,557 ± 4,997. Respiratory therapy with assisted mechanical ventilation was used by 13% of patients.  Conclusions: The costs of COVID-19 medical care represent a large amount of resources. Most part of the costs (95%) were derived from hospital stay, respiratory therapy without assisted mechanical ventilation and costs related to personal protective equipment, hygiene, infrastructure adaptation and payments to medical personnel.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Análisis de costos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Costos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Costos de la atención a la salud]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Hospitalización]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Unidad de cuidados intensivos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cost analysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Costs]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Health care costs]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hospitalization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Intensive care unit]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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