<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0016-3813</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Gaceta médica de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Gac. Méd. Méx]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0016-3813</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia Nacional de Medicina de México A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0016-38132023000100032</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/gmm.22000187</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Asociación entre los niveles de vitamina B12 y el deterioro cognitivo en personas mayores]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Association between vitamin B12 levels and cognitive impairment in older adults]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguilar-Navarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sara G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carbajal-Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palacios-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María G. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez-Gutierrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lidia A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ávila-Funes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mimenza-Alvarado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán" Servicio de Geriatría ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Ciudad de México]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán" Departamento de Neurología y Psiquiatría ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Ciudad de México]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>159</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>32</fpage>
<lpage>37</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0016-38132023000100032&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0016-38132023000100032&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0016-38132023000100032&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: Aún es controversial si la deficiencia de vitamina B12 se asocia a alteraciones cognitivas.  Objetivo: Conocer la asociación entre los niveles séricos de vitamina B12 y el desempeño cognitivo.  Métodos: Se incluyeron 241 personas &#8805; 60 años con medición de niveles séricos de vitamina B12. Se realizó evaluación física y cognitiva y se formaron tres grupos: cognición normal (CN), deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL) y demencia. Los niveles de vitamina B12 se clasificaron en suficiencia (&gt; 400 pg/mL), deficiencia subclínica (201-400 pg/mL) y deficiencia absoluta (&#8804; 200 pg/mL). Se realizó análisis de regresión lineal multivariado para evaluar la asociación entre función cognitiva y niveles de vitamina B12 después de controlar las variables confusoras.  Resultados: La media de edad fue 81.4 ± 8.0 años; 68 % fue del sexo femenino; 17.8 y 39.8 % presentaron deficiencia absoluta y subclínica de vitamina B12; 80 individuos (33 %) cumplieron los criterios de DCL y 70 (29 %), de demencia. Después de ajustar por edad, sexo y escolaridad, los sujetos con DCL y demencia tuvieron niveles más bajos de vitamina B12 comparados con aquellos con CN (p = 0.019).  Conclusiones: Se observó asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el desempeño cognitivo global y los niveles bajos de vitamina B12.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction: Whether vitamin B12 deficiency is associated with cognitive impairment remains controversial.  Objective: To determine the association between vitamin B12 serum levels and cognitive performance.  Methods: Two-hundred and forty-one adults aged &#8805; 60 years who had serum vitamin B12 serum levels measurement were included. Physical and cognitive evaluation was carried out, and three groups were formed: normal cognition (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Vitamin B12 levels were classified as sufficiency (&gt; 400 pg/mL), subclinical deficiency (201-400 pg/mL), and absolute deficiency (&#8804; 200 pg/mL). Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between cognitive function and vitamin B12 levels after controlling for confounding variables.  Results: Mean age was 81.4 ± 8.0 years; 68% were females; 17.8 % and 39.8% had absolute and subclinical vitamin B12 deficiency, respectively; 80 individuals (33%) met the criteria for MCI, and 70 (29%), for dementia. Those with MCI and dementia had lower vitamin B12 levels in comparison with those with NC after adjusting for age, gender and educational level (p = 0.019).  Conclusions: A statistically significant association was observed between global cognitive performance and levels of vitamin B12.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Adulto mayor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Demencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Deterioro cognitivo leve]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Vitamina B12]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Older adults]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Dementia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mild cognitive impairment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Vitamin B12]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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