<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0011-1503</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Crítica (México, D.F.)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Crítica (Méx., D.F.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0011-1503</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filosóficas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0011-15032025000300133</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/iifs.18704905e.2025.1754</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A Criterion of Literality for Names]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Un criterio de literalidad para los nombres]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mahant]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nikhil]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Uppsala University Department of Philosophy ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Sweden</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>171</numero>
<fpage>133</fpage>
<lpage>161</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0011-15032025000300133&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0011-15032025000300133&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0011-15032025000300133&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Summary: In recent years, several kinds of non-referential uses of names have received attention within semantics. However, the lack of a principled basis for drawing the distinction between uses that a semantic theory of names must account for (&#8216;literal&#8217; uses) and other uses that it need not explain by itself (&#8216;non-literal uses&#8217;) represents an important deficiency in the debate. A prominent objection (the &#8216;Sceptic&#8217;s Challenge&#8217;) against semantic views that treat predicative uses as literal exemplifies the kind of problem that can result from this deficiency. This article proposes a general manner of drawing the line between literal and non-literal uses of names. Further, by providing a rationale for treating predicative uses as literal, it also provides a response to the Sceptic&#8217;s Challenge.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: En los últimos años, varios tipos de usos no referenciales de los nombres han recibido atención en la semántica. Sin embargo, la falta de una base con principios claros para trazar la distinción entre los usos que una teoría semántica de los nombres debe explicar (los usos &#8220;literales&#8221;) y aquellos que no necesita explicar por sí misma (los usos &#8220;no literales&#8221;) constituye una deficiencia importante en el debate. Una objeción destacada -el &#8220;Desafío del Escéptico&#8221;- en contra de las teorías semánticas que tratan los usos predicativos como literales ejemplifica el tipo de problema que puede derivarse de dicha deficiencia. Este artículo propone una manera general de trazar la línea entre los usos literales y los no literales de los nombres. Además, al ofrecer una justificación para tratar los usos predicativos como literales, también proporciona una respuesta al Desafío del Escéptico.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[primary uses of names]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[semantics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[predicativism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[millianism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[metaphor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[usos primarios de los nombres]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[semántica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[predicativismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[millianismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[metáfora]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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