<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0011-1503</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Crítica (México, D.F.)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Crítica (Méx., D.F.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0011-1503</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filosóficas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0011-15032016000300089</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El problema de las clases naturales en química: algunas dificultades para el microestructuralismo]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Camilo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Córdoba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Buenos Aires  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>144</numero>
<fpage>89</fpage>
<lpage>117</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0011-15032016000300089&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0011-15032016000300089&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0011-15032016000300089&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Nuestro propósito es trastornar el tratamiento habitual del problema de las clases naturales en filosofía de la ciencia, analizándolo sincrónicamente y poniendo la química en el foco. Analizaremos tres problemas que la disciplina presenta al microesencialismo: (1) la insuficiencia del número atómico como propiedad y criterio esencial, (2) la imposibilidad de la mecánica cuántica de dar cuenta de la estructura molecular y, por consiguiente, de importantes propiedades macroscópicas de las sustancias, (3) la imposibilidad de definir propiedades centrales, como la acidez, a partir de las propiedades microscópicas. Argumentaremos que, sin embargo, cabe mantener la noción de clase natural en química, pero reformulándola desde la perspectiva del realismo activo y el pluralismo ideológico de Hasok Chang. Esta propuesta permite pensar que si bien las clasificaciones no deben ser interpretadas en un sentido esencialista, no son arbitrarias ni meramente convencionales, porque la realidad puede hacer fracasar un sistema de clasificación y dar éxito a otro.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Summary Our purpose is to subvert the traditional analysis of the problem of natural kinds in philosophy of science, which will be analyzed from a synchronic perspective and focusing on chemistry. Three problems of essentialist microstructuralism in chemistry will be considered: (1) the atomic number is insufficient as an essential property and criterion, (2) quantum mechanics cannot account for molecular shape and, hence, for important macroscopic properties of substances, (3) it is not possible to define relevant properties, as acidity, from microscopic ones. We will argue it is convenient to maintain the notion of natural kind, though, but it can be redefined from the perspective of active realism and ideological pluralism proposed by Hasok Chang. This approach allows us to think that classifications must not be considered from an essentialist approach, but they are not arbitrary or merely conventional either, since reality can make a classification system fail and make another one work.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[microesencialismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[número atómico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estructura molecular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ácidos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pluralismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[microstructuralism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[atomic number]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[molecular shape]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[acids]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pluralism]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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