<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2954-4602</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de filosofía Universidad Iberoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. filos. Univ. Iberoam.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2954-4602</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Iberoamericana (México)]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2954-46022023000200156</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.48102/rdf.v55i155.181</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La cacica, el rey de Inglaterra y el rey de los Pájaros: Introducción al concepto de &#8220;demonio sin instrucciones&#8221; en el estudio de la crueldad del poder]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The Cacica, the King of England and the King of the Birds: Introduction to the Concept of &#8220;Demon without Instructions&#8221; in the Study of Power&#8217;s Cruelty]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adolfo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Madrid  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>55</volume>
<numero>155</numero>
<fpage>156</fpage>
<lpage>194</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2954-46022023000200156&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2954-46022023000200156&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2954-46022023000200156&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este artículo aborda el aspecto poco estudiado de la ambigüedad moral y jurídica del verdugo -quien históricamente ha permitido al poder político la posibilidad de negación de la violencia moralmente repudiable-, a partir del análisis comparativo de tres casos míticos e históricos: 1) el suplicio del capitán Añasco a manos de la Gaitana durante la Conquista, 2) el martirio de Becket provocado por los caballeros de Enrique II de Inglaterra y 3) las masacres de liberales en la cordillera occidental colombiana durante la Violencia. Se demuestra que la legitimidad de la violencia cruel se encuentra ligada a los conceptos de deber y sacrificio, pero requiere también una posibilidad de negación que preserve la moralidad de la autoridad. Un demonio sin instrucciones que ejecuta autónomamente una voluntad colectiva de castigo aparece como mecanismo histórico necesario para modular la relación que el poder político mantiene con la crueldad funcional a sus fines.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This paper approaches the little-studied aspect of the moral and legal ambiguity of the executioner -which has historically allowed political power the possibility of denying morally reprehensible violence-, based on the comparative analysis of three mythical and historical cases: 1) the torture of Captain Añasco at the hands of La Gaitana during La Conquista; 2) Becket&#8217;s martyrdom by the knights of Henry II of England; and, 3) the massacres of liberals in the western Colombian mountain range during La Violencia. We demonstrate that the legitimacy of cruel violence is linked to the concepts of duty and sacrifice, but also requires a possibility of denial that preserves the morality of authority. A demon without instructions that autonomously executes a collective will to punish appears as a necessary historical mechanism to modulate the relationship that political power maintains with the cruelty that serves its ends.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[verdugo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[suplicio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[violencia política]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[derecho]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enemigo interior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[voluntad de castigo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Executioner]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[torture]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[political violence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[law]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[inner enemy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[will to punish]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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