<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-8909</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina crítica (Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Med. crít. (Col. Mex. Med. Crít.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-8909</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-89092024000200120</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35366/116322</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Tormenta tiroidea]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Thyroid storm]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Crisis tirotóxica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crespo-Morfin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paulina B]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerrero-Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel A]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Damus-Ligonio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sandy I]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guízar-Enríquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Karen O]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Phinder Puente]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marian Elizabeth]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Nieto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Orlando R]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Cancerología  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad «Dr. Juan Graham Casasús»  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Villahermosa Tabasco]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Médico Nacional «Adolfo Ruiz Cortines» Hospital de Especialidades No. 14 ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Veracruz Veracruz]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General San Juan del Río  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Querétaro ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General San Juan del Río  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Querétaro ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>120</fpage>
<lpage>129</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-89092024000200120&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-89092024000200120&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-89092024000200120&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: La tormenta tiroidea es una complicación grave del hipertiroidismo y es considerada una urgencia endocrinológica asociada a una alta mortalidad. Se trata de una enfermedad de compromiso sistémico caracterizado por taquicardia, aumento de la temperatura, estado de conciencia alterado, diarrea, ictericia, entre otra sintomatología multiorgánica. El diagnóstico es principalmente clínico, se orienta identificando factores desencadenantes y debe efectuarse rápidamente para iniciar manejo específico oportuno. El tratamiento va enfocado en disminuir rápidamente la concentración de hormonas tiroideas a través de distintos mecanismos: bloquear la síntesis nueva de hormonas, bloquear la liberación de hormonas preformadas, inhibir la transformación periférica de T4 a T3 y, en algunos casos, remoción directa de hormonas tiroideas o una tiroidectomía. Sin embargo, corregir el factor desencadenante y otorgar soporte multiorgánico son cruciales para mejorar el pronóstico de los pacientes.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Thyroid storm is a serious complication of hyperthyroidism and is considered an endocrinological emergency associated with high mortality. It is a disease of systemic compromise characterized by tachycardia, increased temperature, altered state of consciousness, diarrhea, jaundice, among other multi-organ symptoms. The diagnosis is mainly clinical, it is oriented by identifying triggering factors and must be carried out quickly to initiate timely specific management. Treatment is focused on rapidly decreasing the concentration of thyroid hormones through different mechanisms: blocking the new synthesis of hormones, blocking the release of preformed hormones, inhibiting the peripheral transformation of T4 to T3 and in some cases direct removal of thyroid hormones or a thyroidectomy. However, correcting the trigger factor and providing multi-organ support are crucial to improve the prognosis of patients.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: A crisis tirotóxica é uma complicação grave do hipertireoidismo e é considerada uma emergência endocrinológica associada a alta mortalidade. É uma doença de envolvimento sistêmico caracterizada por taquicardia, aumento da temperatura, alteração da consciência, diarreia, icterícia, entre outros sintomas de múltiplos órgãos. O diagnóstico é principalmente clínico, é orientado pela identificação de fatores desencadeantes e deve ser feito rapidamente para iniciar um tratamento específico e em tempo hábil. O tratamento se concentra em diminuir rapidamente a concentração dos hormônios da tireoide por meio de diferentes mecanismos: bloqueio da síntese de novos hormônios, bloqueio da liberação de hormônios pré-formados, inibição da transformação periférica de T4 em T3 e, em alguns casos, remoção direta dos hormônios da tireoide ou tireoidectomia. Entretanto, a correção do fator desencadeante e o fornecimento de suporte a vários órgãos são fundamentais para melhorar o prognóstico dos pacientes.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hipertiroidismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[urgencia endocrinológica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tormenta tiroidea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hyperthyroidism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[endocrine urgency]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[thyroid storm]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[hipertireoidismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[emergência endócrina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[tempestade tireoidiana]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davies]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lauberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bahn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thyroid storm]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Melmed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polonsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Larsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kronenberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Williams textbook of endocrinology]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<edition>13th</edition>
<page-range>394-5</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Philadelphia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Elsevier Saunders]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ross]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cooper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greenlee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laurberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[2016 American Thyroid Association guidelines for diagnosis and management of hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Thyroid]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1343-421</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bourcier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CoutrotM, Kimmoun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sonneville]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Montmollin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Persichini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thyroid storm in the ICU: a retrospective multicenter study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Crit Care Med]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>83-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akamizu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Satoh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Isozaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suzuki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wakino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diagnostic criteria, clinical features, and incidence of thyroid storm based on nationwide surveys]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Thyroid]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>661-79</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abraham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acharya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Current and emerging treatment options for Graves&#8217; hyperthyroidism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ther Clin Risk Manag]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>29-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nayak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thyrotoxicosis and thyroid storm]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>663-vii</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gavin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thyroid crises]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Med Clin North Am]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>179-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carroll]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matfin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Endocrine and metabolic emergencies: thyroid storm]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>139-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vaidya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pearce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diagnosis and management of thyrotoxicosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMJ]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>349</volume>
<page-range>g5128</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Refetoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thyroid hormone serum transport proteins]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feingold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anawalt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boyce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Endotext [Internet]]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[South Dartmouth (MA) ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[MDText.com, Inc]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pokhrel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aiman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhusal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thyroid storm]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[StatPearls [Internet]]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Treasure Island (FL) ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[StatPearls Publishing]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lechner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Severe thyrotoxicosis and thyroid storm]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shifrin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Endocrine emergencies]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<page-range>3-13</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[New Jersey ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Elsevier]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Preston]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fisiología (Lippincott&#8217;s illustrated reviews series)]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<page-range>429-34</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wartofsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Life-threatening thyrotoxicosis. Thyroid storm]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>263-77</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Devereaux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tewelde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SZ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hyperthyroidism and thyrotoxicosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Emerg Med Clin North Am]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>277-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Biondi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kahaly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cardiovascular involvement in patients with different causes of hyperthyroidism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nat Rev Endocrinol]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>431-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Satoh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Isozaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suzuki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wakino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iburi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tsuboi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[2016 Guidelines for the management of thyroid storm from The Japan Thyroid Association and Japan Endocrine Society (First edition)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Endocr J]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>63</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1025-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akamizu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thyroid storm: a Japanese perspective]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Thyroid]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<page-range>32-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pokhrel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aiman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhusal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thyroid storm]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[StatPearls]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Treasure Island (FL) ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[StatPearls Publishing]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Papi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corsello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pontecorvi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinical concepts on thyroid emergencies]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>102</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cooper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Antithyroid drugs in the management of patients with Graves&#8217; disease: an evidence-based approach to therapeutic controversies]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Endocrinol Metab]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>88</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>3474-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nakamura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Itoh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fukata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miyauchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hamada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of methimazole and propylthiouracil in patients with hyperthyroidism caused by Graves&#8217; disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Endocrinol Metab]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>92</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>2157-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Page]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sheard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herbert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hopton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jeffcoate]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A comparison of 20 or 40 mg per day of carbimazole in the initial treatment of hyperthyroidism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>511-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abraham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Avenell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Park]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bevan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A systematic review of drug therapy for Graves&#8217; hyperthyroidism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Endocrinol]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>153</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>489-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suzuki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yasuda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matsumoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of efficacy and adverse effects between methimazole 15 mg + inorganic iodine 38 mg/day and methimazole 30 mg/day as initial therapy for Graves&#8217; disease patients with moderate to severe hyperthyroidism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Thyroid]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>43-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sundaresh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brito]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prokop]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparative effectiveness of therapies for Graves&#8217; hyperthyroidism: a systematic review and network meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Endocrinol Metab]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>98</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>3671-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clark]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[QY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Textbook of endocrine surgery]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<edition>2nd</edition>
<page-range>216-9</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Philadelphia, PA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Elsevier Saunders]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tsatsoulis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kalogera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seferiadis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tsolas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effect of thyrotoxicosis on adrenocortical reserve]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Endocrinol]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>142</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>231-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ylli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klubo-Gwiezdzinska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wartofsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thyroid emergencies]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pol Arch Intern Med]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>129</volume>
<numero>7-8</numero>
<issue>7-8</issue>
<page-range>526-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Okamura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fujikawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bandai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ikenoue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kitazono]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Remission after potassium iodide therapy in patients with Graves&#8217; hyperthyroidism exhibiting thionamide-associated side effects]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Endocrinol Metab]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>99</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>3995-4002</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yeung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Go]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balasubramanyam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Rectal administration of iodide and propylthiouracil in the treatment of thyroid storm]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Thyroid]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>403-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaykhaei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sadegholvad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dabbaghmanesh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Omrani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Low doses of cholestyramine in the treatment of hyperthyroidism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Endocrine]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>1-3</numero>
<issue>1-3</issue>
<page-range>52-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chiha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samarasinghe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kabaker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thyroid storm: an updated review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Intensive Care Med]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>131-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perrin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chantrel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Role of plasma exchange in the thyroid storm]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ther Apher Dial]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>522-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ashkar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Katims]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smoak 3rd]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gilson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thyroid storm treatment with blood exchange and plasmapheresis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA]]></source>
<year>1970</year>
<volume>214</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1275-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Park]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kwon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YN]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Successful treatment of thyroid storm presenting as recurrent cardiac arrest and subsequent multiorgan failure by continuous renal replacement therapy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>2017</volume>
<page-range>16-0115</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klubo-Gwiezdzinska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wartofsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thyroid emergencies]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Med Clin North Am]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>96</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>385-403</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
