<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2395-8669</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nóesis. Revista de ciencias sociales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nóesis, Rev. cienc. soc.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2395-8669</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Instituto de Ciencias Sociales y Administración]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2395-86692024000100003</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20983/noesis.2024.1.3</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La violencia de pareja y su relación con el ingreso laboral]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Intimate partner violence and its relationship to labor income]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zepeda Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yei Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santillán Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alma Sofía]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>65</numero>
<fpage>47</fpage>
<lpage>65</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2395-86692024000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2395-86692024000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2395-86692024000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En México, el 70.1% de las mujeres ha sido víctima de violencia a lo largo de su vida y el principal perpetrador es la pareja. La violencia de género es un problema de salud pública que tiene múltiples impactos negativos en la mujer y sus descendientes. Su relación con los ingresos es un asunto que ha sido escasamente estudiado para el caso mexicano. El objetivo es analizar el efecto de la violencia de pareja sobre el ingreso laboral de las mujeres en México, se usan datos de la Encuesta Nacional sobre la Dinámica de las Relaciones en los Hogares (ENDIREH 2021). Se emplea el método de componentes principales para calcular cinco tipos de violencia: física, emocional, económica, sexual y acoso. Para considerar la endogeneidad de las variables ingreso y violencia se emplea el método de variables instrumentales. Con excepción del acoso, los resultados indican una relación negativa entre los ingresos y los otros cuatro tipos de violencia. En específico, la violencia sexual es la que representa los mayores efectos negativos sobre el ingreso laboral; las mujeres víctimas de violencia sexual tienen una reducción promedio de 17.4% en el ingreso laboral mensual. Este efecto negativo representa una pérdida de poco más de dos meses de días de trabajo al año y, en términos agregados, equivale al 0.87% del PIB. Lo anterior resalta la importancia de orientar las acciones de política pública para trabajar en la prevención, atención, sanción y erradicación de cualquier tipo de violencia contra la mujer.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract In Mexico, 70.1% of women have been victims of violence in their lifetime and the main perpetrator is her intimate partner. Gender violence is a public health problem that has multiple negative impacts in woman and their offsprings. The relation violence and income is an issue that has been scarcely studied for Mexico. The objective of this article is to analyze the intimate partner violence and its relationship to labor income for Mexican women, data used are from the National Survey on the Dynamics of Households Relationships (ENDIREH 2021). The principal component method is used to estimate five kinds of violence; physical, emotional, economic, sexual and, harassment. The instrumental variables method is used to consider the endogeneity of income and violence variables. Except harassment, the results indicate a negative relationship between income and violence. Specifically, sexual violence has the greatest negative effects; women who are victims of sexual violence have an average reduction of 17.4% in monthly labor income. This negative effect represents a loss of just over two month of working days per year and, in the aggregate terms, is equivalent to 0.87% of GDP. The above highlights the importance of orienting public policy actions to work in prevention, attention, punishment and eradications any kind of violence against women.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Violencia de pareja]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ingresos laborales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Endogeneidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Variables instrumentales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Costo de la violencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Intimate partner violence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Labor income]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Endogeneity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Instrumental variables]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cost of violence]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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