<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1870-6622</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[EconoQuantum]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[EconoQuantum]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1870-6622</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Guadalajara]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1870-66222022000200021</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18381/eq.v19i2.7258</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Building a Bioethanol Market in Mexico]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Prospectivas del Mercado de Bioetanol en México]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Núñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Héctor M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas División de Economía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Aguascalientes]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>21</fpage>
<lpage>56</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1870-66222022000200021&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1870-66222022000200021&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1870-66222022000200021&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Objectives:  This article aims to analyze the economic effects of bioethanol policies in Mexico, where there have been several attempts to introduce biofuels into the market but so far, no success.  Methodology:  Technically, an endogenous-price mathematical programming model is developed emphasizing the agricultural and fuel sectors, which are embedded in a multi-region, multi-product, spatial partial equilibrium model. Bioethanol can be produced both from a dedicated crop and from agroindustrial residues. Three policy alternatives are considered as well as a base case in which, as now, liquid fuels are all derived from fossil sources. The first alternative consists of subsidies to biofuel producers, the second of blending mandates and the third of both combined.  Results:  Results show some losses for fuel and agricultural consumers, that are not offset by both ethanol producer and environmental gains.  Limitations and implications:  The base year data should be more recent, but it is very difficult to gather all this amount of information for a more recent year. Like any partial equilibrium model, the analysis ignores the effects outside the markets included in the model.  Originality and value:  Model developed for this research, and it is the first economic study on bioethanol in Mexico that reaches such a detailed analysis.  Conclusions:  This research suggests that it is possible to develop a bioethanol market in Mexico, but some compensating redistribution among economic groups may be needed if these policies are to be seen as politically sustainable.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objetivo:  Analizar los efectos económicos de las políticas de bioetanol en México, donde ha habido varios intentos de introducir biocombustibles en el mercado sin éxito.  Metodología:  Se desarrolla un modelo de programación matemática de precios endógenos con énfasis en los sectores agrícola y de combustibles, que están integrados en un modelo de equilibrio parcial espacial, multirregional y multiproducto. El bioetanol se puede producir a partir de un cultivo específico y de residuos agroindustriales. Se consideran tres alternativas de política, así como un caso base en el que, como ahora, los combustibles líquidos se derivan todos de fuentes fósiles. La primera alternativa consiste en subsidios a los productores de biocombustibles, la segunda en mandatos de mezcla y la tercera en una combinación de ambas políticas.  Resultados:  Los resultados muestran algunas pérdidas para los consumidores de combustibles y productos agrícolas, que no se compensan con las ganancias ambientales y de los productores de etanol.  Limitaciones e implicaciones:  Los datos del año base deberían ser más recientes, pero es muy difícil reunir toda esta cantidad de información para un año más reciente. Como cualquier modelo de equilibrio parcial, el análisis ignora los efectos fuera de los mercados incluidos en el modelo.  Originalidad y valor:  Modelo desarrollado para esta investigación y es el primer estudio económico sobre el bioetanol en México que llega a un análisis tan detallado.  Conclusiones:  Es posible desarrollar un mercado de bioetanol en México, pero se requiere alguna redistribución para compensar a los grupos que pierden si se quiere tener estas políticas sostenibles en el largo plazo.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Agricultural Sector]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bioethanol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gasoline]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Fuel Policies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[C61]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Q10]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Q47]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Q48]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Q54]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sector Agrícola]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Bioetanol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Gasolina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Políticas para combustibles]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[C61]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Q10]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Q47]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Q48]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Q54]]></kwd>
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