<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-8906</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Migraciones internacionales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Migr. Inter]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-8906</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El Colegio de la Frontera Norte A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-89062019000100113</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2169</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Ideas y reflexiones de Manuel Gamio acerca de los migrantes de retorno (1925-1930)]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Manuel Gamio&#8217;s Ideas and Reflections on Return Migrants (1925-1930)]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alanís Enciso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando Saúl]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,El Colegio de San Luis  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Luís Potosí San Luís Potosí]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>10</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-89062019000100113&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-89062019000100113&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-89062019000100113&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El artículo analiza las ideas centrales que desarrolló Manuel Gamio acerca de los migrantes de retorno en un proyecto que redactó en 1925 y en su obra principal publicada en 1930. La relevancia de este trabajo radica en que examina las primeras ideas que surgieron en el medio académico mexicano acerca del migrante de retorno, la influencia que la sociedad estadounidense tenía en ellos y las consecuencias sociales y económicas de su llegada a México.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The purpose of the present study was to analyze the central ideas developed by Manuel Gamio about return migrants in a project conducted by the Mexican scholar in 1925 and in his classic work, published in 1930. These views are the first instances of academic reflection concerning return migrants in Mexico, the influence of American society on this social group, and the social and economic consequences of their return to Mexico.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[migración]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[retorno]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[proyecto]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estados Unidos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[migration]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[return]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[project]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[The United States]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aboites]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La irrigación revolucionaria. Historia del Sistema Nacional de Riego de Río Conchos, Chihuahua, 1927-1938]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Secretaría de Educación Pública]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alanís]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Manuel Gamio: el inicio de las investigaciones sobre la inmigración mexicana a Estados Unidos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Historia Mexicana]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>979-1020</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alanís]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Que se queden allá. El gobierno de México y la repatriación de mexicanos de Estados Unidos (1934-1940)]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El Colegio de San Luis]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Vicente Lombardo Toledano y los sindicatos de México y Estados Unidos]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arredondo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[What! the Mexicans, Americans?: Race and Ethnicity, Mexicans in Chicago, 1916-1939]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Chicago]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cuestiones fundamentales de antropología cultural]]></source>
<year>1964</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aire ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ediciones Solar]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bogardus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mexican Repatriates]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sociology and Social Research]]></source>
<year>1933</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>169-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bogardus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Mexican in the United States]]></source>
<year>1934</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Los Angeles, Ca ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Southern California Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El movimiento obrero y la política en México, 1910-1929]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ediciones Era]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Craig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The First Agraristas]]></source>
<year>1983</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[An oral histor ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of California Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>Dirección General de Estadística. D.A.P.P.</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Revista de Economía y Estadística]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Secretaría de la Economía Nacional]]></source>
<year>1934</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fabila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El problema de la emigración de obreros y campesinos mexicanos]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Migración México-Estados Unidos. Años veinte]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<page-range>35-64</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y la Artes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Friedich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rebelión agraria en una aldea mexicana]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gamio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mexican Immigration to the United States: A Study of Human Migration and Adjustment]]></source>
<year>1930</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The University of Chicago Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gamio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Hacia un México nuevo; problemas sociales]]></source>
<year>1935</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gamio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vasconcelos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Aspects of Mexican Civilization. Lectures on the Harris Foundation]]></source>
<year>1926</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The University of Chicago Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gamio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Número, procedencia y distribución geográfica de los inmigrantes mexicanos en los Estados Unidos]]></source>
<year>1930</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México, D.F ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Talleres gráficos editorial]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gamio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Franz Boas en México]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Boletín bibliográfico de Antropología Americana]]></source>
<year>1942</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>1/3</numero>
<issue>1/3</issue>
<page-range>35-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González Gamio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Manuel Gamio. Una lucha sin final]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jones]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Mexican in Chicago]]></source>
<year>1931</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The Comity Commission of the Chicago Church Federation]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Katz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La guerra secreta en México, Estados Unidos, Europa y la Revolución Mexicana]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ediciones Era]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kerr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Chicano experience in Chicago, 1920-1970]]></source>
<year>1976</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Illinois at Chicago]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La revolución mexicana y el movimiento obrero 1911-1923]]></source>
<year>1978</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ediciones Era]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santibánez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ensayo acerca de la inmigración mexicana a Estados Unidos]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Migración México-Estados Unidos. Años veinte]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<page-range>65-129</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y la Artes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taylor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mexican Labor in the United States. Chicago and the Calumet region]]></source>
<year>1932</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Berkeley ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of California Publications in Economics]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taylor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A Spanish Mexican Peasant Community. Arandas in Jalisco]]></source>
<year>1933</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Berkeley ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of California Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La Revolución sin frontera. El Partido Liberal Mexicano y las relaciones entre el movimiento obrero de México y el de Estados Unidos, 1900-1923]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Filosofía y Letras]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ulloa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La Revolución intervenida: relaciones diplomáticas entre México y Estados Unidos (1910-1914]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El Colegio de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valdovinos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La crítica al indigenismo de Manuel Gamio]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<numero>42</numero>
<issue>42</issue>
<page-range>233-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walsh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Eugenic Acculturation. Manuel Gamio, Migration Studies, and the Anthropology of Development in Mexico, 1910-1940]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Latin American Perspectives]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>118-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walsh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Región, raza y riego: el desarrollo del norte mexicano, 1910-1940]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nueva antropología]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>64</numero>
<issue>64</issue>
<page-range>53-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Keeping Community, Challenging Boundaries; Indigenous Migrants, Internationalist Workers and Mexican Revolutionaries, 1900-1920]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tutino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mexico &amp; Mexicans in the Making of the United States]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<page-range>208-35</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Austin, Texas ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Texas Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
