<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-2037</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Política y gobierno]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Polít. gob]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-2037</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas A.C., División de Estudios Políticos]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-20372006000200361</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La reforma constitucional en México. Apuntes para un debate futuro]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Constitutional Reform in Mexico. Notes for a Future Discussion]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Negretto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chávez de la Torre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Virgilio]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>361</fpage>
<lpage>392</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-20372006000200361&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-20372006000200361&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-20372006000200361&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Desde el año 2000, México enfrenta dos nuevas condiciones políticas: la derrota del PRI en una elección presidencial competitiva y un nuevo presidente sin mayoría en ambas cámaras del Congreso. En esta situación de gobierno dividido, se han propuesto varias reformas constitucionales para promover la gobernabilidad en un sistema de separación de poderes. Mientras algunas reformas pretenden disminuir la probabilidad de que exista un presidente minoritario, otras intentan fortalecer los poderes constitucionales del presidente. Argumento que una estrategia de reforma constitucional viable y deseable debe evitar estos extremos y tratar, en cambio, de crear incentivos que favorezcan la cooperación entre poderes en situaciones en las que el Congreso y la Presidencia están bajo el control de partidos distintos. En este trabajo, discuto los beneficios de una reforma parcial consistente en reglas electorales que fomenten una correspondencia de intereses entre los ciudadanos y sus representantes, y poderes constitucionales que promuevan la coordinación entre el Presidente y el Congreso en el proceso de toma de decisiones y de formación del gabinete.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Since 2000, Mexican politics has changed in two important ways. First, the PRI&#8217;s defeat in the 2000 elections has ended a 70-year long one-party system. Second, the president no longer holds a majority in either chamber of a bicameral congress. In what is likely to be a new era of divided government, constitutional engineers proposed a multitude of constitutional reforms to promote good governance under a separation of powers system. While some reforms attempt to decrease the likelihood of minority presidents, others aim at strengthening the constitutional powers of the president. This paper argues that a viable and desirable strategy of constitutional change should avoid these two extremes. Instead, reforms should generate incentives to promote inter-branch cooperation during divided government. This paper discusses the benefits of a partial reform consisting of two parts: 1) electoral rules that promote correspondence between the preferences of citizens and those of policy makers and 2) constitutional powers that encourage coordination between the president and the congress in the process of policy making and cabinet formation.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reforma constitucional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[presidencialismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gobierno dividido]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[América Latina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[constitutional reform]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[presidentialism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[divided government]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Latin America]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Audiencias Públicas</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Gobernabilidad democrática: ¿Qué reforma?]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cámara de Diputados]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[John]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shugart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Matthew Soberg]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Executive Decree Authority]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Amparo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Sources of Presidential Authority in Post-revolutionary Mexico]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[King&#8217;s College, University of Cambridge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Amparo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Las relaciones entre el poder Ejecutivo y el Legislativo: el caso de México]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Política y Gobierno]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>VI</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>83-128</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cohen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Saltiel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Votos, asientos y distritos: representación y distribución del poder. El caso de México]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colomer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Josep]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La reforma política en México]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Este País]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<numero>137</numero>
<issue>137</issue>
<page-range>2-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colomer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Josep]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Handbook of Electoral System Choice]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Londres ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Palgrave-Macmillan]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colomer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Josep]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Negretto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Can Presidentialism Work Like Parliamentarism?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Government and Opposition]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>60-89</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cox]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gary]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Making Votes Count]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diaz-Cayeros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Magaloni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Beatriz]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mexico: Designing Electoral Rules by a Dominant Party]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colomer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Josep]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Handbook of Electoral System Choice]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Palgrave-Macmillan]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galaviz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Efrén Elías]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Proyectos de reforma del Estado en el México contemporáneo]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Secretaría de Gobernación]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haggard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Stephan]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McCubbins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Matthew D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Presidents, Parliaments and Policy]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jones]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mark P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Electoral Laws and the Survival of Presidential Democracies]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Notre Dame, Indiana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Notre Dame Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lehoucq]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fabrice]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Costa Rica: Modifying Majoritarianism with 40 per cent Threshold]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colomer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Josep]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Handbook of Electoral System Choice]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<page-range>110-20</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Palgrave-Macmilliam]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lehoucq]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fabrice]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Negretto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aparicio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Javier Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nacif]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Benito]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Allyson]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Political Institutions, Policymaking Processes and Policy Outcomes in Mexico]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CIDE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lijphart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Arend]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waisman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Institutional Design in New Democracies]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Berkeley ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of California Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Linz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Perils of Presidentialism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Democracy]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>51-69</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Linz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Virtues of Parliamentarism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Democracy]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>84-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Linz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valenzuela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Arturo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Failure of Presidential Democracy]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Baltimore ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The Johns Hopkins University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mainwaring]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Scott]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Presidentialism, Multipartism and Democracy: The Difficult Combination]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comparative Political Studies]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<numero>26</numero>
<issue>26</issue>
<page-range>198-228</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mainwaring]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Scott]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scully]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Timothy E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Building Democratic Institutions. Party Systems in Latin America]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mainwaring]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Scott]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shugart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Matthew Soberg]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Presidentialism and Democracy in Latin America]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mainwaring]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Scott]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shugart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Matthew Soberg]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Juan Linz, Presidentialism, and Democracy: A Critical Appraisal]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comparative Politics]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>449-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz Ledo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Porfirio]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Comisión de Estudios para la Reforma del Estado: conclusiones y propuestas]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNAM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nacif Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Benito]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Mexican Chamber of Deputies: The Political Significance of Non Consecutive Reelection]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Oxford]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Negretto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Constitution-Making and Institutional Design: The Transformation of Presidentialism in Argentina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European Journal of Sociology/Archives Éuropéenes de Sociologie]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>193-232</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Negretto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Separación de poderes y diseño constitucional en América Latina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Mexicana de Sociología]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>41-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Negretto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Government Capacities and Policy-Making by Decree in Latin America: The Cases of Brazil and Argentina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comparative Political Studies]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>531-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Negretto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Compromising in a Qualified Plurality System]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colomer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Josep]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Handbook of Electoral System Choice]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<page-range>110-20</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Palgrave-Macmilliam]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Negretto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Constitution Making and Institutional Design in Latin America]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ reunión]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Chicago </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Negretto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Choosing How to Choose Presidents: Parties, Military Rulers, and Presidential Elections in Latin America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Journal of Politics]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>68</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>421-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Negretto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Minority Presidents and Types of Government in Latin America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Latin American Politics and Society]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Payne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. Mark]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zovatto G.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carrillo Flórez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allamand Zavala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Democracies in Development. Politics and Reform in Latin America]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Inter-American Development Bank]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shugart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Matthew Soberg]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[John M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Presidents and Assemblies. Constitutional Design and Electoral Dynamics]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shugart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Matthew Soberg]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taagepera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rein]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Plurality Versus Majority Election of Presidents. A Proposal for a &#8216;Double Complement Rule&#8217;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comparative Political Studies]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>323-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shugart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Matthew Soberg]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wattenberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martin P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mixed-Member Electoral Systems. The Best of Both Worlds?]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siaroff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alan]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Two-and-a Half-Party Systems and the Comparative Role of the Half]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Party Politics]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>IX</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>267-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weldon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jeffrey]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Political Sources of Presidentialism in Mexico]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mainwaring]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Scott]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shugart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Matthew Soberg]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Presidentialism and Democracy in Latin America]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<page-range>225-58</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pactan priístas ir contra reelección]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Reforma]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Frena PRI en Senado reelección]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Reforma]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Votos y veto]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Reforma]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
