<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-1146</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-1146</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Salud, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-11462017000300193</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.bmhimx.2017.03.002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Characterization of Cry toxins from autochthonous Bacillus thuringiensis isolates from Mexico]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Caracterización de toxinas Cry de aislados de Bacillus thuringiensis autóctonos de México]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camacho-Millán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raquel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguilar-Medina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elsa Maribel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quezada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Héctor]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina-Contreras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Óscar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patiño-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Genaro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cárdenas-Cota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Héctor Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos-Payán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosalío]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Culiacán Sinaloa]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Mexico City]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Tecnológica de Culiacán  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Culiacán Sinaloa]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>74</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>193</fpage>
<lpage>199</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-11462017000300193&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-11462017000300193&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-11462017000300193&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Background:  Chemical pesticides, widely used in agriculture and vector-borne disease control, have shown toxic effects on the environment and the people in contact with them. Bacillus thuringiensis is a widely used bacterium for alternative and safer control of insect pests. Its toxins are specific for insects but innocuous for mammals and may be used as powerful adjuvants when applied with vaccines. The objective of this work was to characterize some autochthonous B. thuringiensis strains, which could be used for the control of a local pest (Diatraea considerata Heinrich) that affects sugar cane crops in Sinaloa, Mexico. Also, to evaluate these strains as a source of Cry toxins, which may be used in the future as adjuvants for some vaccines.  Methods:  Eight strains from field-collected dead insects were isolated. These were microbiologically identified as B. thuringiensis and confirmed by amplification and sequencing of 16S rDNA. Bioassays were performed to evaluate their pathogenicity against D. considerata, and Cry toxins were identified by proteomic analyses.  Results:  An increased mortality among larvae infected with strain Bt-D was observed, and its toxin was identified as Cry1Ac.  Conclusions:  The observed data showed that the selected strain was pathogenic to D. considerata and seemed to produce Cry1Ac protein, which has been reported as an adjuvant in different types of immunization.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Introducción:  Los pesticidas químicos, ampliamente usados en agricultura y en el control de vectores transmisores de enfermedades, han mostrado efectos tóxicos sobre el medio ambiente y las personas expuestas a ellos. Bacillus thuringiensis es una bacteria ampliamente utilizada como una alternativa segura y eficaz en el control biológico de plagas agrícolas. Sus toxinas son específicas de insectos, pero inocuas para mamíferos, e incluso poseen gran potencial para ser usadas como adyuvantes en vacunas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar cepas autóctonas de B. thuringiensis con efectividad contra el gusano barrenador (Diatraea considerata Heinrich) de la caña de azúcar en cultivos del estado de Sinaloa, México, y como fuente de proteínas Cry, con potencial de utilizarse como adyuvantes en vacunas.  Métodos:  Se lograron aislar ocho cepas a partir de insectos muertos en campos agrícolas, las cuales fueron identificadas microbiológicamente como B. thuringiensis, lo que se confirmó por amplificación y secuenciación del 16S rDNA. La efectividad de los aislados para el control del gusano barrenador fue evaluada mediante bioensayos y las toxinas Cry fueron identificadas por análisis proteómico.  Resultados:  Se observó una mortalidad elevada en las larvas infectadas con las cepas de estudio. Particularmente, la cepa Bt-D, de la cual el análisis molecular mostró que posee una toxina tipo Cry1Ac.  Conclusiones:  Los resultados mostraron que la cepa Bt-D posee un elevado potencial patogénico hacia D. considerata y produce la proteína Cry1Ac, de la cual existen reportes de su aplicación como adyuvante en diferentes formas de inmunización.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Toxin]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Proteomics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diatraea considerata]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bacillus thuringiensis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Toxina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Proteómica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Diatraea considerata]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Bacillus thuringiensis]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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