<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0188-4999</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista internacional de contaminación ambiental]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Int. Contam. Ambient]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0188-4999</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0188-49992016000400435</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20937/RICA.2016.32.04.07</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Actividad mutagénica inducida por hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos en muestras de PM 2.5 en un sector residencial de Villa del Rosario-norte de Santander, Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Mutagenic activity induced by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in samples of PM 2.5 in a residential area of Villa del Rosario-norte de Santander-Colombia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meléndez Gélvez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Iván]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quijano Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mónica Juliana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quijano Parra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alfonso]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Pamplona Facultad de Ciencias Básicas Departamento de Biología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santander ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Pamplona Facultad de Ciencias Básicas Departamento de Química]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santander ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>435</fpage>
<lpage>444</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0188-49992016000400435&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0188-49992016000400435&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0188-49992016000400435&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Los contaminantes del aire, especialmente el material particulado (MP), han sido investigados como posibles agentes responsables del cáncer de pulmón. Varios componentes del MP como los hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos (HAP) pueden contribuir con efectos adversos sobre la salud. La contaminación atmosférica junto con la ingesta de alimentos contaminados, son la vía primaria de la exposición humana a los HAP. Los HAP en general, son sospechosos de ser carcinogénicos, aunque el nivel sea muy bajo. La principal característica sobre la salud, es su capacidad de inducir cáncer en los organismos expuestos. El transporte vehicular es la fuente más importante de emisiones contaminantes atmosféricas y contribuye con más del 60 % de las emisiones de HAP. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la mutagenicidad de muestras de PM2.5, provenientes del aire de Villa del Rosario, norte de Santander, Colombia e identificar los HAP. La identificación se realizó por medio de cromatografía de gases con detector de ionización de llama. Los ensayos mutagénicos se realizaron por el prueba de Ames en cepas de Salmonella typhimurium TA98 y TA100.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Air pollutants, especially particulate matter (PM) have been investigated as potential agents responsible for lung cancer. Several components of the PM such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can contribute to adverse health effects. Air pollution, along with the intake of contaminated foods, are the primary route of human exposure to PAHs. PAHs are generally suspected of being carcinogenic at some degree. Although the level is very low, the main health risk associated with PHAs, is its ability to induce cancer in exposed organisms. The vehicular transport is the largest and most important source of atmospheric emissions that contribute over 60 % of PAH emissions. The aim of this study was to determine the mutagenicity of PM2.5 samples, from the air in Villa del Rosario, Norte de Santander, Colombia and identify PAH. Identification was carried out by gas chromatography with FID detector. The mutagenic assays were performed by the Ames Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cromatografía de gases]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[material particulado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ensayo de Ames]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Salmonella typhimurium TA98 y TA100]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gas chromatography]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[particulate matter]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ames test]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Methods for detecting carcinogens and mutagens with the Salmonella mammalian-microsome mutagenicity test]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ames]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McCann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yamasaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mutat. Res.]]></source>
<year>1975</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>347-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[3-Nitrobenzanthrone, a potential human cancer hazard in diesel exhaust and urban air pollution: a review of the evidence]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arlt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mutagenesis]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<page-range>399-410</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Traf&#64257;c-related pollutants and their impact on allergic respiratory diseases]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aubier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Bull. Acad. Natl. Med.]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>193</volume>
<page-range>1305-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[PAHs and petroleum biomarkers in the atmospheric environment of Alexandria City, Egypt]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barakat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Water Air Soil Poll.]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>139</volume>
<page-range>289-310</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Air pollution and health]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brunekreef]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holgate]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>360</volume>
<page-range>1233-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oxidative DNA damage: mechanisms, mutation, and disease]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cooke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Evans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dizdaroglu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lunec]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[FASEB J.]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>1195-214</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Determination of four quinones in diesel exhaust particles, SRM 1649, and atmospheric PM2.5]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stefano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[You]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodriguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schmitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kumagai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eiguren-Fernandez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kobayashi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Avol]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Froines]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Aerosol Sci. Technol.]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<page-range>68-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An environmental quinoid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, acenaphthene quinone,modulates cyclooxygenase-2 expression through reactive oxygen species generation and nuclear factor kappa B activation in A549 cells]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toriba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kameda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hayakawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Toxicol. Sci.]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>101</volume>
<page-range>152-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Automotive sources of carcinogenic PAH with particulate matter in the Chesapeake Bay Region]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dichut]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Canuel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gustafson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Edgecombe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaylor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macdonald]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Environ. Sci. Technol.]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<page-range>4535-640</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oxidative stress and calcium signalling in the adverse effects of environmental particles (PM10)]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Donaldson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gilmour]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.P.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Knaapen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rahman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MacNee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Free Radical Bio. Med.]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<page-range>1369-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Characteristics, toxicity, and source apportionment of polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in road dust of Ulsan, Korea]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.T.T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Chemosphere]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>74</volume>
<page-range>1245-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Are cars the new tobacco?]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Douglas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watkins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gorman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Higgins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Public Health (Oxf.)]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>160-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Toxicological assessment of ambient and traffic-related particulate matter: a review of recent studies (review)]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Kok]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.M.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Driece]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.A.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hogervorst]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.G.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Briede]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mutat. Res.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>613</volume>
<page-range>103-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[3-Nitrobenzanthrone, a powerful bacterial mutagen and suspected human carcinogen found in diesel exhaust and airborne particles]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Enya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suzuki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watanabe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hirayama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hisamatsu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Environ. Sci. Technol.]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>2772-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Direct comparison of the Ames microplate format (MPF) test in liquid medium with the standard Ames pre-incubation assay on agar plates by use of equivocal to weakly positive test compounds]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flückiger-Isler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kamber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mutat. Res.]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>747</volume>
<page-range>36-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Deposition and biokinetics of inhaled nanoparticles]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Geiser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kreyling]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Part. Fibre Toxicol.]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Particle-associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban air of Hong Kong]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Atmos. Environ.]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<page-range>5307-17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oxidative damage induced by carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organic extracts from urban air particulate matter]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hanzalova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rossner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. Jr.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sram]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mutat. Res.]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>696</volume>
<page-range>114-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans, Volume 92]]></article-title>
<collab>IARC</collab>
<source><![CDATA[International Agency for Research on Cancer]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<page-range>244-424</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lyon, Francia ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans. Vol. 34, Polynuclear aromatic compounds, Part 3]]></article-title>
<collab>IARC</collab>
<source><![CDATA[International Agency for Research on Cancer]]></source>
<year>1984</year>
<page-range>13-9</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lyon, Francia ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Overall evaluations of carcinogenicity: An updating supplement 7 of IARC monographs Volumes 1-42]]></article-title>
<collab>IARC</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Lyon, Francia]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<page-range>21-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risk to humans. Occupational exposures in petroleum refining; Crude oil and major petroleum fuels. Vol. 45]]></article-title>
<collab>IARC</collab>
<source><![CDATA[International Agency for Research on Cancer]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<page-range>17-24</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lyon, Francia ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans. Vol. 105. Diesel and gasoline engine exhausts and some nitroarenes]]></article-title>
<collab>IARC</collab>
<source><![CDATA[International Agency for Research on Cancer]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<page-range>313-423</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lyon, Francia ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Quinone emissions from gasoline and diesel motor vehicle]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jakober]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riddle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Destaillats]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Charles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Green]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kleeman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Environ. Sci. Technol.]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<page-range>4548-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Contribution of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the mutagenicity of ultrafine particles in the roadside atmosphere]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kawanaka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matsumoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sakamoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Atmos. Environ.]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<page-range>7423-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[DNA damage induced by genotoxicants in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos after contact exposure to freeze dried sediment and sediment extracts from Laguna Lake (The Philippines) as measured by the comet assay]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kosmehl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hallare]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Braunbeck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hollert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mutat. Res.]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>650</volume>
<page-range>1-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Genotoxic effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, Brazil, evaluated by Helix aspersa (Müller, 1774)]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ianistcki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dallarosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sauer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teixeira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[da Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Environ. Pollut.]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>157</volume>
<page-range>2037-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Occupational exposure to diesel exhaust and lung cancer: A meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lipsett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campleman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Am. J. Public Health.]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<page-range>1009-17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Air pollution combustion emissions: Characterization of causative agents and mechanisms associated with cancer, reproductive, and cardiovascular effects]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lewtas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mutat. Res.]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>636</volume>
<page-range>95-133</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Genotoxicity of complex mixtures: strategies for the identification and comparative assessment of airborne mutagens and carcinogens from combustion sources]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lewtas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fund. Appl. Toxicol.]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>571-89</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[In vivo and in vitro proinflammatory effects of particulate air pollution (PM10)]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gilmour]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Donaldson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MacNee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Environ. Health Perspect.]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>105</volume>
<page-range>1279-83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Source seasonaof polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a subtropi Guangzhou, South China]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.Q.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sci. Total Environ.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>355</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Influence of fuel composition on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emissions from a fleet of in-service passenger cars]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.C.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ayoko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morawska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ristovski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jayaratne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Atmos. Environ.]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<page-range>50-160</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mutagenicity of diesel exhaust particles mediated by cell- particle interaction in mammalian cells]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lingzhi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ch.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Shaopeng]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lijun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yuejin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yu.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Zengliang]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[An.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Xu]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Toxicology]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>229</volume>
<page-range>91-100</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Source apportionment of PM2.5 at an urban IMPROVE site in Seattle, WA]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maykut]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lewtas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Larson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Environ. Sci. Technol.]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<page-range>5135-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Actividad mutagénica y genotóxica en el material particulado fracción respirable PM2.5 en Pamplona-Norte de Santander-Colombia]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meléndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quijano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Iatreia]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<page-range>347-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of fuel aromatic content on PAH emission from a heavy-duty diesel engine]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Chemosphere]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<page-range>1783-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A comparison on the emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their corresponding carcinogenic potencies from a vehicle engine using leaded and lead-free gasoline]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tsai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Environ. Health. Persp.]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>109</volume>
<page-range>1285-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Isoprostanes: markers and mediators of oxidative stress]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montuschi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barnes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[FASEB J.]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<page-range>1791-800</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Ames Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity assay]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mortelmans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeiger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mutat Res.]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>455</volume>
<page-range>29-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relation between concentration of air pollution and causespecificmortality: four-year exposures to nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter pollutants in 470 neighborhoods in Oslo, Norway]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Næss]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nafstad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aamodt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Claussen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Am. J. Epidemiol.]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>165</volume>
<page-range>435-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[DNA adduct and tumor formations in rats after intratracheal administration of the urban air pollutant 3-nitrobenzanthrone]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nagy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeisig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kawamura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hisamatsu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sugeta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adachi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Carcinogenesis]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<page-range>1821-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality, and long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pope III]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burnett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krewski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ito]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thurston]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>287</volume>
<page-range>1132-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Seasonal and site-specific variation in vapour and aerosol phase PAHs over Flanders (Belgium) and their relation with anthropogenic activities]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ravindra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bencs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wauters]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Hoog]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deutsch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roekens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bleux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berghmans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Grieken]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Atmos. Environ.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<page-range>771-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of heavy metal toxicity in eukaryotes using a simple functional assay]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vilela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mielniczki-Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonatto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Henriques]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eleutherio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Metallomics]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>1355-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Environmental causes of lung cancer: what do we know in 2003?]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Chest.]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>125</volume>
<page-range>80S-3S</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Source apportionment of airborne particulate matter using organic compounds as tracers]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schauer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rogge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hildemann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mazurek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cass]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simoneit]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.R.T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Atmos. Environ.]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>3837-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bioassay-directed chemical analysis in environmental research]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schuetzle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lewtas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Anal. Chem.]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<page-range>1060A-75A</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Temporal variation in the genotoxic potential of urban air particulate matter]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sevastyanova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Novakova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hanzalova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Binkova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sram]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Topinka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mutat. Res.]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>649</volume>
<page-range>179-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Identification of mammalian cell genotoxins in respirable diesel exhaust particles by bioassay-directed chemical analysis]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seung-Min]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Oh.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kyu-Hyuck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ch.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Toxicol. Lett.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>161</volume>
<page-range>226-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sample characterization of automobile and forklift diesel exhaust particles and comparative pulmonary toxicity in mice]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DeMarini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.A.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tabor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.J.V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ryan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Linak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kobayashi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gilmour]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Environ. Health Perspect.]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>112</volume>
<page-range>820-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Air pollution fromtraffic emissions in Oporto, Portugal: Health and environmental implications]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Slezakova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delerue-Matos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvim-Ferraz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morais]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Microchem. J.]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>99</volume>
<page-range>51-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Direct-acting mutagenicity of extracts of coal burning-derived particulates and contribution of nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hattori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tamura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sakai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toriba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kizu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hayakawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mutat. Res.]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>581</volume>
<page-range>91-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An approach to evaluate two-electron reduction of 9,10-phenanthraquinone and redox activity of the hydroquinone associated with oxidative stress]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taguchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fujii]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yamano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kamisuki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nakai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sug-awara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Froines]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kumagai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Free Radical Biol. Med.]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>43</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chemical characteristics of haze during summer and winter in Guangzhou]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.Ch.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sheng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[He]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Atmos. Res.]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>94</volume>
<page-range>238-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mutagenicity and DNA adduct formation of PAH, nitro-PAH, and oxy-PAH fractions of atmospheric particulate matter from Sao Paulo, Brazil]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Umbuzeiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Franco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kummrow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvalho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schmeiser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leykauf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stiborova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Claxton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mutat. Res. Gen Tox. En.]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>652</volume>
<page-range>72-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Airborne particulate matter and human health: toxicological assessment and importance of size and composition of particles for oxidative damage and carcinogenic mechanisms]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valavanidis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fiotakis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vlachogianni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Environ. Sci. Health. C. Environ. Carcinog. Ecotoxicol. Rev.]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<page-range>339-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Source characterization of major emission sources in the Imperial and Mexicali Valleys along the US/Mexico border]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sci. Total Environ.]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>276</volume>
<page-range>33-47</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Analytical methods for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in food and the environment needed for new food legislation in the European Union]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wenzl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anklam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kleiner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Trends Anal. Chem.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<page-range>716-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Indirect- and direct-acting mutagenicity of diesel, coal and wood burning-derived particulates and contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Igarashi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Research]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>695</volume>
<page-range>29-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
