<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0187-5779</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Terra Latinoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Terra Latinoam]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0187-5779</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de la Ciencia del Suelo A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0187-57792011000200153</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[EMERGENCIA DE BROTES DE TUBÉRCULOS DE PAPA EN CONDICIONES SALINAS]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Emergence of Potato Tuber Sprouts in Salinity Conditions]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanchéz-Bernal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortega-Escobar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Mar Instituto de Ecología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Puerto Ángel Oaxaca]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Colegio de Postgraduados  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montecillo estado de México]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>153</fpage>
<lpage>160</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0187-57792011000200153&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0187-57792011000200153&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0187-57792011000200153&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La salinidad afecta el crecimiento de plantas de papa, sin embargo, se desconoce la respuesta de los tubérculos a emerger brotes en diversas condiciones salinas de suelos en México. Por ello en macetas experimentales controladas, se evaluó la emergencia de brotes de tubérculos de Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Alpha en condiciones salinas inducidas por NaCl, NaHCO3, Na2SO4, CaCl22H2O, MgCl26H2O y MgSO47H2O y por las salinidades sulfático-clorhídrica, clorhídrico-sulfática y sulfático-sódica, con concentraciones de 0 a 9.60 g L-1. Cada tipo de salinidad produjo un efecto osmótico-tóxico que prolongó el periodo de emergencia y disminuyó la tasa de emergencia de brotes de tubérculos respecto del testigo; conforme se incrementó la concentración salina, se inhibió el crecimiento de yemas terminales. La mayor disminución se presentó en NaHCO3 y salinidad sulfático-sódica, con concentraciones superiores a 2.48 g L-1, donde se observaron tejidos tuberosos y yemas promotoras de la emergencia de brotes dañadas por hidrólisis alcalina. Una disminución intermedia se produjo con Na2SO4 &gt; salinidad clorhídrico-sulfática &gt; salinidad sulfático- clorhídrica &gt; NaCl y la menor afectación se registró en tubérculos expuestos a MgSO47H2O &gt; MgCl26H2O = CaCl22H2O, en un intervalo de 5.19 a 9.60 g L-1, esto denota niveles de tolerancia a sales por los tubérculos de papa. Todos los tratamientos, excepto CaCl22H2O, a concentraciones de 3.84 g L-1 a 9.60 g L-1, produjeron un incremento anormal de brotes raquíticos y escaso crecimiento. La disminución de la emergencia y posterior pérdida de dominancia apical, resultan de: 1) el efecto osmótico de NaCl, Na2SO4, salinidades clorhídrico- sulfática y sulfático-clorhídrica, y 2) el efecto tóxico de MgCl26H2O, MgSO47H2O, NaHCO3 y salinidad sulfático-sódica. Los tubérculos brotaron de forma normal en CaCl22H2O, sal de gran demanda por los tubérculos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Salinity affects the growth of potato plants. However, it is unknown the response of potato tubers to sprout in different saline soil conditions where potato is cultivated in Mexico. For this reason, in experimental plots, the emergence was studied conditions of tuber sprouts Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Alpha in stress. Salinity was induced by salts of NaCl, NaHCO3, Na2SO4, CaCl22H2O, MgCl26H2O y MgSO47H2O and three types of salinity (sulphatic-chlorhidric, chlorhidric- sulphatic and sulphatic-sodic), to concentrations of 0 to 9.60 g L-1. Each type of salinity produced an osmotic and the toxic effect extended the period of emergency and decreased the sprouting of tubers in comparison to the control treatment; as salt concentration increased, it inhibited the emergence of terminal buds. This tendency to diminish the rate of sprout emergence was more evident for NaHCO3 and sulphatic-sodic salt treatments at high levels for; the effect is due to the destruction of tuber tissues and axilar buds caused by alkaline hydrolysis of sodium in the potato tubers. A mid-term decrease was produced by Na2SO4 &gt; chlorhidric-sulphatic &gt; sulphatic- chlorhidric &gt; NaCl, and the minor decrease was recorded in tubers exposed to MgSO47H2O &gt; MgCl26H2O = CaCl22H2O, in a range of 5.19 to 9.60 g L-1, this denotes salt tolerance levels for potato tubers. All treatment, except CaCl22H2O, at concentrations of 3.84 g L-1 to 9.60 g L-1, produced an abnormal increase in sprouting (stunted outbreaks and low growth).The retard in the emergence of sprouts and loss of apical dominance is due to: 1) the osmotic effect of NaCl, Na2SO4, CaCl22H2O, sulphatic- chlorhidric salinity and chlorhidric-sulphatic salinity, and 2) the toxic effect of MgCl26H2O, MgSO47H2O, NaHCO and sulphatic-sodic salinity. Tubers sprang asnormal in CaCl22H2O, wich is required by tubers.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[brotes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[condiciones salinas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[efecto osmótico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[efecto tóxico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sprouts]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[salinity conditions]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[osmotic effect]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[toxic effect]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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