<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-3309</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de fitopatología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fitopatol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-3309</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Fitopatología A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-33092026000100003</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18781/r.mex.fit.2412-1</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Etiología de la pudrición del tronco del coco Enano Verde del Brasil y eficacia in vitro de fungicidas en Tabasco, México]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Etiology of trunk rot in the Enano Verde del Brasil coconut and in vitro efficacy of fungicides in Tabasco, Mexico]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acencio-Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nitzarindany]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres-de la Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Magdiel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nava-Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristian]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huamán-Pilco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ángel F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-de la Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arias-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lenin]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ramón A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Villahermosa Tabasco]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,COLPOS  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Tabasco]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,COLPOS  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Estado de México]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Chachapoyas Amazonas]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,INIFAP  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Huimanguillo Tabasco]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-33092026000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-33092026000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-33092026000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Antecedentes/Objetivo. El cocotero (Cocos nucifera) es un cultivo importante en México. En Tabasco, la variedad &#8220;Enano Verde del Brasil&#8221; (CEVB) se ha introducido para la producción de fruto verde para agua; sin embargo, han presentado patologías de etiologías desconocidas. El objetivo fue identificar los hongos asociados a la pudrición del tronco del coco CEVB, en Tabasco, México, y realizar una evaluación comparativa in vitro de la eficacia de fungicidas sistémicos y de contacto.  Materiales y Métodos. A partir de muestras de tronco, cogollo e inflorescencia con necrosis, se realizó el aislamiento de hongos en medio PDA. Los aislamientos fueron caracterizados inicialmente mediante análisis morfológico. Dos de ellos fueron seleccionados para pruebas de patogenicidad sobre plántulas de CEVB e identificados molecularmente mediante el análisis de secuencias parciales del gen ITS (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 del DNAr nuclear). Además, se realizaron bioensayos in vitro para comparar la eficacia de 10 fungicidas sistémicos y de contacto. Cada fungicida se evaluó a tres concentraciones (alta, recomendada y baja), estimándose su efecto sobre la germinación de esporas (GE) y del crecimiento micelial (CM).  Resultados. Los aislamientos fueron identificados como Thielaviopsis paradoxa. Los ensayos de patogenicidad confirmaron a T. paradoxa como agente causal de necrosis en plántulas. Los fungicidas sistémicos propiconazol, carbendazim y tebuconazol, mostraron inhibición completa del CM y de la GE a partir de la dosis más baja evaluada (0.45x103 1x103 y 0.5x103 ppm, respectivamente). Los fungicidas protectantes hidróxido de cobre y captan inhibieron completamente la GE a la dosis más baja (1x103 y 1.5x103 ppm, respectivamente), aunque sólo alcanzaron un 80 % de inhibición del CM.  Conclusión . Se reporta por primera vez a T. paradoxa sobre el CEVB en México. Este estudio amplía el conocimiento sobre los hongos que afectan al CEVB en Tabasco y proporciona una base para la selección de fungicidas promisorios, cuya eficacia deberá validarse en estudios posteriores bajo condiciones de campo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT   Background/Objetive. Coconut palm (Cocos nucifera) is an important crop in Mexico. In Tabasco, the &#8220;Enano Verde del Brasil&#8221; (CEVB) variety has been introduced to produce green fruit for coconut water; however, pathological problems of unknown etiology have been observed. The objective of this study was to identify the fungi associated with trunk rot of CEVB coconut in Tabasco, Mexico, and to conduct a comparative in vitro evaluation of the efficacy of systemic and contact fungicides.   Materials and Methods. Fungal isolation in PDA medium was carried out from trunk, spear, and inflorescence samples showing necrosis. The isolates were initially characterized by morphological analysis. Two of them were selected for pathogenicity tests on CEVB seedlings and identified molecularly through the analysis of partial sequences of the ITS gene (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 of nuclear rDNA). In addition, in vitro bioassays were conducted to compare the efficacy of 10 systemic and contact fungicides. Each fungicide was evaluated at three concentrations (high, recommended, and low), estimating their effect on spore germination (SG) and mycelial growth (MG).   Results. The isolates were identified as Thielaviopsis paradoxa. The pathogenicity tests confirmed T. paradoxa as the causal agent of necrosis in seedlings. The systemic fungicides propiconazole, carbendazim, and tebuconazole showed complete inhibition of MG and SG starting from the lowest dose evaluated (0.45×10³, 1×10³, and 0.5×10³ ppm, respectively). The protectant fungicides copper hydroxide and captan completely inhibited SG at the lowest dose (1×10³ and 1.5×10³ ppm, respectively), although they only reached 80% inhibition of MG.   Conclusion. T. paradoxa is reported for the first time on CEVB in Mexico. This study expands the knowledge on fungi affecting CEVB in Tabasco and provides a basis for the selection of promising fungicides, whose efficacy should be validated in subsequent field studies.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Carbendazim]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cocos nucifera]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Propiconazol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Tebuconazol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Thielaviopsis paradoxa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Carbendazim]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cocos nucifera]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Propiconazole]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tebuconazole]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Thielaviopsis paradoxa]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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