<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-001X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fis.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-001X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-001X2011000400003</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Influencia de la geometría y dopaje en las propiedades electrónicas de la hoja SiC]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chigo Anota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ernesto]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Facultad de Ingeniería Química Cuerpo Académico Ingeniería en Materiales]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Puebla]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>309</fpage>
<lpage>314</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-001X2011000400003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-001X2011000400003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-001X2011000400003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Se analiza el efecto de la geometría en las propiedades electrónicas de la hoja de carburo de silicio (SiC) usando para ello la Teoría del Funcional de la Densidad a nivel de la Aproximación de la Densidad Local (LDA), usamos un modelo de cúmulo rectangular (Si12C12H12) y triangular (Si12C12H10) para representar a la hoja con extremo tipo arcmchair y zig-zag, respectivamente. La estabilidad estructural se logra obteniendo frecuencias de vibración positivas, indicando los resultados que los dos modelos son estables con comportamiento electrónico en el rango de semiconductores (2.75 eV para la triangular y 1.15 eV para la rectangular) y con polaridad baja (12x 10-3 Debye) para el caso triangular y para el arreglo rectangular presenta alta polaridad (5271.7x 10-3 Debye). Por otro lado, cuando dicha hoja rectangular es dopada con un átomo de nitrógeno presenta estabilidad estructural (cuando se sustituye un C por un N), además presenta una transición semiconductor-semimetal y alta polaridad (6328.7x 10-3 Debye) análoga con la hoja sin dopaje.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[In this work it is presented a study concerning the effect of geometry and nitrogen doping on the electronic properties of the silicon carbide (SiC) sheet by means of the Density Functional Theory (DFT) at the level of Local Density Approximation (LDA). Two different basic geometries were used to model the SiC system: rectangular (arcmchair type; Si12C12H12) and triangular (zig-zag type; Si12C12H10). It was found that both systems are stable. Although a semiconductor behavior was recognized for both models, the gap energy shows strong dependence on the geometry. While the calculated gap energy for the rectangular cluster was 1.15 eV, for the triangular geometry it was twice as large (2.75 eV). A transition from covalent to ionic character by controlling the geometry of the SiC cluster is reported. The calculated dipolar moment for the triangular and rectangular cluster was 12x 10-3 and 5271.7x 10-3 Debye, respectively. Finally the effect of nitrogen doping on the structural stability and electronic properties of the systems are discussed.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Carburo de silicio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[extremo zig-zag]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[extremo armchair]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[teoría DFT]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Silicon carbide]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[zig-zag edge]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[armchair edge]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[DFT theory]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Investigaci&oacute;n</font></p> 	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Influencia de la geometr&iacute;a y dopaje en las propiedades electr&oacute;nicas de la hoja SiC</b></font></p> 	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Ernesto Chigo Anota</b></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>Cuerpo Acad&eacute;mico Ingenier&iacute;a en Materiales&#150;Facultad de Ingenier&iacute;a Qu&iacute;mica, Benem&eacute;rita Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de Puebla, C.U. San Manuel, 72570, Puebla, M&eacute;xico, e&#150;mail:</i> <a href="mailto:echigoa@yahoo.es">echigoa@yahoo.es</a></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 4 de noviembre de 2010    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br>     Aceptado el 7 de junio de 2011</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Se analiza el efecto de la geometr&iacute;a en las propiedades electr&oacute;nicas de la hoja de carburo de silicio (SiC) usando para ello la Teor&iacute;a del Funcional de la Densidad a nivel de la Aproximaci&oacute;n de la Densidad Local (LDA), usamos un modelo de c&uacute;mulo rectangular (Si<sub>12</sub>C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>12</sub>) y triangular (Si<sub>12</sub>C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>10</sub>) para representar a la hoja con extremo tipo arcmchair y zig&#150;zag, respectivamente. La estabilidad estructural se logra obteniendo frecuencias de vibraci&oacute;n positivas, indicando los resultados que los dos modelos son estables con comportamiento electr&oacute;nico en el rango de semiconductores (2.75 eV para la triangular y 1.15 eV para la rectangular) y con polaridad baja (12x 10<sup>&#150;3</sup> Debye) para el caso triangular y para el arreglo rectangular presenta alta polaridad (5271.7x 10<sup>&#150;3</sup> Debye). Por otro lado, cuando dicha hoja rectangular es dopada con un &aacute;tomo de nitr&oacute;geno presenta estabilidad estructural (cuando se sustituye un C por un N), adem&aacute;s presenta una transici&oacute;n semiconductor&#150;semimetal y alta polaridad (6328.7x 10<sup>&#150;3</sup> Debye) an&aacute;loga con la hoja sin dopaje.</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Descriptores:</b> Carburo de silicio; extremo zig&#150;zag; extremo armchair; teor&iacute;a DFT.</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">In this work it is presented a study concerning the effect of geometry and nitrogen doping on the electronic properties of the silicon carbide (SiC) sheet by means of the Density Functional Theory (DFT) at the level of Local Density Approximation (LDA). Two different basic geometries were used to model the SiC system: rectangular (arcmchair type; Si<sub>12</sub>C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>12</sub>) and triangular (zig&#150;zag type; Si<sub>12</sub>C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>10</sub>). It was found that both systems are stable. Although a semiconductor behavior was recognized for both models, the gap energy shows strong dependence on the geometry. While the calculated gap energy for the rectangular cluster was 1.15 eV, for the triangular geometry it was twice as large (2.75 eV). A transition from covalent to ionic character by controlling the geometry of the SiC cluster is reported. The calculated dipolar moment for the triangular and rectangular cluster was 12x 10<sup>&#150;3</sup> and 5271.7x 10<sup>&#150;3</sup> Debye, respectively. Finally the effect of nitrogen doping on the structural stability and electronic properties of the systems are discussed.</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords:</b> Silicon carbide; zig&#150;zag edge; armchair edge; DFT theory.</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 31.10+z; 31.15.Ar; 31.15Ew.</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmf/v57n4/v57n4a3.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Agradecimientos</b></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Este trabajo fue parcialmente apoyado por los siguientes proyecto: VIEP&#150;BUAP (No. CHAE&#150;ING11&#150;I), FIQ&#150;BUAP (2010&#150;2011) y Cuerpo Acad&eacute;mico&#150;FIQ (BUAP&#150;CA&#150;177).</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Referencias</b></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. K.S. Novoselov <i>et al., Science</i> <b>306</b> (2004) 666</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496210&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">2. K.S. Novoselov <i>et al., Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA</i> <b>102</b> (2005) 10451.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496211&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">3. E. Chigo Anota, M. Salazar Villanueva y H. Hern&aacute;ndez Cocoletzi, <i>Phys. Stat. Solidi C</i> <b>7</b> (2010) 2252.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496213&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">4. J. Hou y B. Song, <i>J. Chem. Phys.</i> <b>128</b> (2008) 154304.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496215&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">5. E. Bekaroglu, M. Topsakal, S. Cahangirov, S. Ciraci,<i>Phys. Rev. B.</i> <b>81</b> (2010) 075433.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496217&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">6. Para el uso de quiralidad en el grafeno ver: J.I. Mart&iacute;nez, I. Cabria, M.J. Lopez y J.A. Alonso, <i>J. Phys. Chem. C</i> <b>113</b> (2009) 939;    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496219&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --> Y. M.You, Z. H. Ni, T.Yu y Z. X., <i>Appl. Phys. Lett.</i> <b>93</b> (2008) 163112;    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496220&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --> Para el uso de la quiralidad en el nitruro de boro ver: H. Zeng <i>et al., Nano Lett.</i> <b>10</b> (2010) 5049.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496221&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">7. C. Nava Contreras, H. Hern&aacute;ndez Cocoletzi y E. Chigo Anota, J <i>Mol. Model.</i> DOI: 10.1007/s00894&#150;010&#150;0914&#150;2;    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496223&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --> tambi&eacute;n en el arreglo trapezoidal se logra observar el comportamiento de conductor, J.J. Hern&aacute;ndez Rosas, tesis de licenciatura en Ing., en Materiales&#150;FIQ&#150;BUAP (en desarrollo 2011).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496224&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300010&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">8. H. ahin, R.T. Senger y S. Ciraci, <i>J. Appl. Phys.</i> <b>108</b> (2010) 074301.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496226&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300011&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">9. O. Voznyy, A.D. Guclu, P. Potasz, P. Hawrylak, <i>ar&#150;Xiv:1011.0369v1 &#91;cond&#150;mat.mes&#150;hall&#93;</i> 1 Nov (2010).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496228&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300012&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">10. E. Chigo Anota, <i>Supy Vac.</i> <b>22</b> (2009) 19.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496230&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300013&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">11. E. Chigo Anota, M. Salazar Villanueva y H. Hernandez Cocoletzi, <i>J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol.</i> <b>11</b> (2011) 5515.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496232&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300014&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">12. E. Chigo Anota y M. Salazar Villanueva, <i>Sup. y Vac.</i> <b>22</b> (2009) 23.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496234&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300015&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">13. E. Chigo Anota, M. Salazar Villanueva y H. Hern&aacute;ndez Cocoletzi, <i>Phys. Stat. Solidi. C.</i> <b>7</b> (2010)2559.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496236&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300016&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">14. J.J. Hern&aacute;ndez Rosas, R.E. Ram&iacute;rez Gutierrez, A. Escobedo Morales, E. Chigo Anota, <i>J. Mol. Model.</i> <b>17</b> (2011) 1133.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496238&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300017&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">15. W. Kohn, A.D. Becke y R.G. Parr, <i>J. Phys. Chem.</i> <b>100</b> (1996) 12974.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496240&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300018&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">16. R.O. Jones y O. Gunnarsson, <i>Rev. Modern Phys.</i> <b>61</b> (1989) 689.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496242&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300019&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">17. W. Kohn, <i>Rev. Mod. Phys.</i> <b>71</b> (1999) 1253.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496244&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300020&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">18. E. Chigo Anota y J.F. Rivas Silva, <i>Col. F&iacute;s.</i> <b>37</b> (2005) 405.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496246&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300021&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">19. J.P. Perdew y Y. Wang, <i>Phys. Rev. B</i> <b>45</b> (1992) 13244.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496248&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300022&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">20. B. Delley, <i>J. Chem. Phys.</i> <b>92</b> (1990) 508.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496250&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300023&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">21. B. Delley, <i>J. Phys. Chem.</i> <b>100</b> (1996) 6107;    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496252&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300024&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --> B. Delley, <i>J. Chem. Phys.</i> <b>113</b> (2000) 7756.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496253&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300025&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">22. J.B. Foresman, E. Frisch, <i>Exploring Chemistry with Electronic Structure Methods 2<sup>da</sup>ed.</i> USA. (Gaussian Inc., 1996). P. 70.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496255&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300026&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">23. E. Chigo Anota, H. Hern&aacute;ndez Cocoletzi, A. Bautista Hern&aacute;ndez, y J.F. S&aacute;nchez Ram&iacute;rez, <i>J. Comp. Theor. Nanosci.</i> <b>8</b> (2011)637.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8496257&pid=S0035-001X201100040000300027&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>      ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Novoselov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>306</volume>
<page-range>666</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Novoselov et al.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>102</volume>
<page-range>10451</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chigo Anota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salazar Villanueva y H. Hernández Cocoletzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Stat. Solidi C]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>2252</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hou y B. Song]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Chem. Phys]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>128</volume>
<page-range>154304</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bekaroglu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Topsakal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cahangirov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[S. Ciraci,Phys. Rev. B]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<page-range>075433</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cabria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lopez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Phys. Chem. C]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>113</volume>
<page-range>939</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[You]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Appl. Phys. Lett.]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>93</volume>
<page-range>163112</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Nano Lett.]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>5049</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nava Contreras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández Cocoletzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chigo Anota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Mol. Model]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández Rosas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ahin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Senger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ciraci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Appl. Phys]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>108</volume>
<page-range>074301</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Voznyy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guclu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Potasz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hawrylak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chigo Anota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Supy Vac]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>19</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chigo Anota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salazar Villanueva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernandez Cocoletzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<page-range>5515</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chigo Anota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salazar Villanueva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sup. y Vac]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chigo Anota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salazar Villanueva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández Cocoletzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Stat. Solidi. C]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>2559</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández Rosas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez Gutierrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escobedo Morales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chigo Anota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Mol. Model]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>1133</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kohn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Becke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Phys. Chem]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>100</volume>
<page-range>12974</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jones]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gunnarsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. Modern Phys]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>61</volume>
<page-range>689</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kohn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. Mod. Phys]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>71</volume>
<page-range>1253</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chigo Anota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivas Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Col. Fís]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<page-range>405</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perdew]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Rev. B]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<page-range>13244</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Chem. Phys]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>92</volume>
<page-range>508</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Phys. Chem.]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>100</volume>
<page-range>6107</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Chem. Phys.]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>113</volume>
<page-range>7756</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Foresman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frisch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Exploring Chemistry with Electronic Structure Methods]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<edition>2</edition>
<page-range>70</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Gaussian]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chigo Anota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández Cocoletzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bautista Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Comp. Theor. Nanosci.]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>637</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
