<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0016-3813</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Gaceta médica de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Gac. Méd. Méx]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0016-3813</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia Nacional de Medicina de México A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0016-38132025000500008</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/gmm.25000070</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Análisis de la carga de la enfermedad por VIH/SIDA en México (1995-2021): avances en mortalidad y desafíos en prevención]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Analysis of the HIV/AIDS disease burden in Mexico (1995-2021): progress in mortality and challenges in prevention]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bravo-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Enrique]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales-Juárez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Linda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villafuerte-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adriana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Magis-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Razo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christian]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lozano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rafael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Facultad de Medicina Departamento de Salud Pública]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Tecnológico de Monterrey Unidad de Políticas Institute for Obesity Research]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Washington Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Department of Health Metrics Sciences]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Seattle ]]></addr-line>
<country>Estados Unidos de América</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Washington School of Medicine Department of Health Metrics Sciences ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Seattle Washington]]></addr-line>
<country>Estados Unidos de América</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>161</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<fpage>535</fpage>
<lpage>545</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0016-38132025000500008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0016-38132025000500008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0016-38132025000500008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Antecedentes: La infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) y el síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (SIDA) son un problema de salud pública en México. Las estimaciones del Estudio de la Carga Global de la Enfermedad (GBD, Global Burden of Disease) de 2021 representan una oportunidad valiosa para evaluar la evolución de la epidemia en el país.  Objetivo: Analizar la evolución de la incidencia y la mortalidad del VIH/SIDA en México entre 1995 y 2021.  Material y métodos: Se evaluó la carga de enfermedad del VIH a través de los indicadores de incidencia y mortalidad, utilizando las estimaciones del GBD 2021 correspondientes al periodo 1995-2021.  Resultados: La tasa de incidencia estandarizada por edad de VIH en México aumentó un 64%, pasando de 7.7 a 12.6 casos por 100,000 habitantes. En contraste, la tasa de mortalidad estandarizada por edad disminuyó un 30%, de 5.7 a 4.0 muertes por 100,000 habitantes. Se observaron diferencias significativas en los patrones de incidencia y mortalidad entre los Estados, grupos de edad y sexo.  Conclusiones: Mientras que la mortalidad por VIH disminuyó, la incidencia mostró un crecimiento sostenido desde 1995, especialmente entre los adultos mayores y jóvenes. Estas tendencias plantean interrogantes sobre la efectividad de las estrategias preventivas implementadas en México en los últimos 30 años.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and aquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a public health problem in Mexico. The publication of the estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2021 represents a valuable opportunity to assess the evolution of the epidemic in the country.  Objective: To analyze the evolution of HIV/AIDS incidence and mortality in Mexico from 1995 to 2021.  Material and methods: The HIV/AIDS burden was evaluated using incidence and mortality indicators, utilizing the estimates from the GBD 2021 from 1995 to 2021.  Results: The age-standardized HIV incidence rate in Mexico increased by 64%, rising from 7.7 to 12.6 new cases per 100,000 inhabitants. In contrast, the age-standardized mortality rate decreased by 30%, from 5.7 to 4.0 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. Significant differences in incidence and mortality trends were observed across federal entities, age groups, and sexes.  Conclusions: Despite the notable reduction in HIV/AIDS mortality, incidence has shown a sustained increase since 1995, especially among older adults and young people. These trends raise questions regarding the effectiveness of the preventive strategies implemented in Mexico over the past three decades.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Carga global de enfermedad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[VIH/SIDA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Incidencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mortalidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Global burden of disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[HIV/AIDS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Incidence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mortality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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