<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0016-3813</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Gaceta médica de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Gac. Méd. Méx]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0016-3813</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia Nacional de Medicina de México A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0016-38132024000600004</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/gmm.m24000910</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Factores de riesgo asociados a la referencia oftálmica urgente de pacientes diabéticos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Risk factors associated with urgent ophthalmic reference in diabetic patients]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivera-De La Parra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sergio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez-Corona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aida]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Peralta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Liliana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Graue-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Enrique O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguilar-Salinas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kershenobich-Stalnikowitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán Centro de Atención Integral del Paciente con Diabetes ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,IAP Instituto de Oftalmología Fundación Conde de Valenciana ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Secretaría de Salud Dirección General de Epidemiología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán Dirección de Nutrición ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán Departamento de Endocrinología y Metabolismo de Lípidos ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>160</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<fpage>610</fpage>
<lpage>617</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0016-38132024000600004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0016-38132024000600004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0016-38132024000600004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Antecedentes: La retinopatía diabética (RD) es la principal causa de ceguera. Es importante identificar los factores de mayor riesgo de pérdida visual.  Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgo de referencia urgente en pacientes con diabetes mediante un programa de exploración oftalmológica.  Material y métodos: Se establecieron criterios específicos de referencia urgente. Los factores de riesgo relacionados con la referencia urgente se evaluaron mediante un modelo de regresión logística múltiple.  Resultados: Se revisaron 1265 pacientes; de ellos, 678 (54 %) tenían RD; 245 (19.4 %), edema macular diabético; 124 (10 %), catarata visualmente significativa; y 399 (31.4 %) requirieron referencia urgente. Los factores de riesgo significativos fueron tener 10 a 20 años de diabetes (RM = 5.71, p &lt; 0.001), más de 20 años de diabetes (RM = 15.36, p &lt; 0.001), presión arterial sistólica alta (RM = 1.66, p = 0.003) y HbA1c alta (RM = 1.15, p = 0.002), después de ajustar por sexo y edad.  Conclusiones: Un tercio de los pacientes requirió referencia urgente; las principales causas fueron edema macular diabético, RD grave o peor, catarata y presión intraocular elevada. Los principales factores de riesgo fueron la duración de la diabetes, la presión arterial sistólica y la HbA1c.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) being a leading cause of blindness. Identifying the risk factors for patients with a higher risk of vision loss is crucial.  Objective: To identify the risk factors for urgent referrals in diabetic patients through an ophthalmic examination program.  Material and methods: Specific criteria for urgent referral were established to facilitate attendance. Risk factors related to urgent referral were evaluated in a multiple logistic regression model.  Results: A total of 1,265 patients were screened. 678 (54%) had DR, 245 (19.4%) had diabetic macular edema, and 124 (10%) had visually significant cataracts. 399 (31.4%) patients needed urgent referral. Significant risk factors for urgent referral were 10 to 20 years from diabetes diagnosis (OR = 5.71, p &lt; 0.001), more than 20 years from diabetes diagnosis (OR = 15.36, p &lt; 0.001), high systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.66 per mmHg, p = 0.003), and high HbA1c (OR = 1.15, p = 0.002), after adjusting for sex and age.  Conclusions: A third of the patients require urgent referral. Main causes of urgent referral were DME, severe or worse DR, cataract and high intraocular pressure. Principal risk factors were diabetes duration, systolic blood pressure and HbA1c.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Diabetes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Referencia oftalmológica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Tamizaje de retinopatía diabética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diabetes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ophthalmic referral]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diabetic retinopathy screening]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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