<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0016-3813</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Gaceta médica de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Gac. Méd. Méx]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0016-3813</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia Nacional de Medicina de México A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0016-38132020000200104</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/gmm.19005488</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Cáncer de cabeza y cuello. Su impacto en la historia de la humanidad]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Head &amp; neck cancer. Its impact on the history of mankind]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallegos-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Hospital de Oncología Departamento de Tumores de Cabeza y Cuello]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>156</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>104</fpage>
<lpage>109</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0016-38132020000200104&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0016-38132020000200104&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0016-38132020000200104&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El cáncer epidermoide es el más frecuente en cabeza y cuello y sus primeras descripciones datan de la época faraónica. Ha impactado en la humanidad al afectar la productividad laboral, científica y cultural y, en ocasiones, ha influido en el derrotero de la historia. El cáncer de cabeza y cuello es más frecuente en países e individuos depauperados económicamente, sin embargo, puede afectar cualquier estrato socioeconómico; lo han padecido personajes conocidos, famosos, económicamente poderosos, intelectuales y artistas. El tratamiento del cáncer de cabeza y cuello ha sido motivo de controversia desde su descripción inicial hasta la actualidad. En la decisión terapéutica ha influido no solo el estadio del cáncer sino el entorno del paciente; en ocasiones, en un afán de disminuir la morbilidad derivada de los diversos tratamientos oncológicos, se han tomado decisiones erróneas que han implicado la pérdida de la vida del enfermo. Infortunadamente, en la actualidad seguimos viendo estas conductas. Se presenta una síntesis de casos de connotados personajes que presentaron este cáncer y se describe el impacto que ello implicó en la sociedad de ese momento.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common head and neck malignancy, and its first descriptions date from the pharaonic era. It has impacted humanity by affecting labor, scientific and cultural productivity and, sometimes, it has influenced the course of history. Head and neck cancer is common in economically impoverished countries and individuals; however, it can affect any socioeconomic stratum; it has been suffered by known, famous, economically powerful celebrities, intellectuals and artists. Head and neck cancer treatment has been controversial since its initial description up to the present day. Therapeutic decisions have been influenced not only by the stage but by the patient&#8217;s environment and, sometimes, in an effort to reduce the morbidity resulting from the various oncological treatments, erroneous decisions have been made that have implied the loss of the patient&#8217;s life; unfortunately, currently we continue to see these behaviors. A synthesis of cases of renowned celebrities that suffered from this cancer is presented, and the impact this implied in the society of their times is described.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Carcinoma epidermoide]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cabeza]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cuello]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Historia de la medicina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Squamous cell carcinoma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Head]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Neck]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[History of medicine]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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